2020考研英语同源外刊，是为帮助2020考研学子能够更好的提升英语水平，而整理的精选文章。以下是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研英语同源外刊:欧盟再对谷歌开出重磅罚单”，供考生参考。
2020考研英语同源外刊:欧盟再对谷歌开出重磅罚单
European Union regulators on Wednesday fined Google $1.7 billion for abusing its market dominance by preventing its rivals from placing online search advertisers. The fine raises to nearly $10 billion the amount the EU has fined the U.S. search engine.
因滥用市场影响力阻止竞争对手投放供在线搜索广告，谷歌被欧盟监管部门处以17亿美元的罚款。目前欧盟对谷歌的罚款总额已达近100亿美元。
The fine marks the third time the European Commission, the EU’s administrative arm, has hit the search engine giant with an antitrust penalty in two years; in July, regulators fined Google a record $5 billion for pushing its Android apps on smartphone customers, exceeding the previous year’s record fine of close to $2.7 billion for hindering rivals of shopping comparison websites.
这是欧洲委员会这一欧盟行政机构在两年内第三次以反托拉斯的名义对谷歌进行罚款。去年7月，因谷歌在消费者智能手机上植入其开发的安卓应用，监管部门对谷歌处以50亿美元罚款，创历史新高。2017年，谷歌因打压竞争对手的购物比较网站而被罚款近27亿美元，是此前的最高纪录。
In a statement, the EU’s top antitrust watchdog, Margrethe Vestager, said Google cemented itself as a powerhouse in the online search industry -- then proceeded to shield itself from competition by imposing restrictive contracts with third-party websites that blocked other companies from placing their search adverts on those websites between 2006 and 2016. “This is illegal under EU antitrust rules,” she said.
欧盟反垄断专员玛格丽特·维斯塔格在声明中表示，谷歌巩固了自身在线搜索行业领头羊的地位，随后为避免竞争，于2006年至2016年间和第三方网站签订限制性合同，禁止其他公司在这些网站投放供搜索广告。维斯塔格表示：“这违反了欧盟反垄断法”。
In response, Kent Walker, Google’s senior vice president for global affairs, said the company will be making "further updates" to its products in Europe.
谷歌全球事务高级副总裁肯特·沃克做出回应，称谷歌将“进一步升级”欧洲地区的产品。
"We’ve always agreed that healthy, thriving markets are in everyone’s interest," he said. "We’ve already made a wide range of changes to our products to address the Commission’s concerns. Over the next few months, we’ll be making further updates to give more visibility to rivals in Europe.”
“市场健康繁荣，人人都会从中获益，这是我们一直秉承的观点”他说“为解决委员会的顾虑，我们一直在对产品进行多方面升级。未来数月，我们会进一步升级，让人们能更多搜索到我们在欧洲的竞争对手。”
The commission found that Google and its parent company Alphabet Inc. blocked competition by inserting exclusivity clauses into its contracts with third-party websites beginning in 2006, prohibiting publishers from placing any search adverts from competitors on their search results pages.
委员会发现谷歌和其母公司 Alphabet 为避免竞争，自2006年起在与第三方网站签订的合同中加入了排他性条款，禁止发布者在其搜索结果页上显示谷歌竞争对手可搜索到的广告。
As of 2009, Google began to replace those clauses with a so-called premium placement clause, requiring websites to save the most visible and clicked on parts of the websites’ search results pages for Google.
2009年，谷歌开始使用所谓的高级显示条款替代排他性条款，要求网站把搜索结果页上最显眼和最易于点击的位置留给谷歌。
“The misconduct lasted over 10 years and denied other companies the possibility to compete on the merits and to innovate - and consumers the benefits of competition,” Vestager said.
维斯塔格说：“这一不当行为已延续了十余年之久，其他公司无法参与平等竞争与创新，消费者也无法享受竞争带来的福利”。
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