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      考研英语阅读能力的提升，需要考生去看一些英语杂志类的文章。接下来，北京文都考研网为2021考研学子们，整理出——2021考研英语同源外刊3月:为什么不能吃太多的糖?供考生参考。

2021考研英语同源外刊3月:为什么不能吃太多的糖?

There's not a good thing to say about sugar. The list of the problems it causes gets longer and longer. Now you can add inflammation of the bowel to that list.

说起糖来，它可不是什么好东西。糖所引发的问题越来越多了。现在又多了一种肠道炎症。

Short-term increases in sugar consumption, such as chocolate, ice cream and sugary drinks, could increase the risk of inflammatory bowel disease and have a significant impact on our health, according to a study conducted at the University of Alberta in Canada.

据加拿大阿尔伯塔大学的一项研究显示，短期摄入大量的糖分(例如巧克力、冰淇淋和含糖饮料)可能会增加患炎症性肠病的风险，并对我们的健康产生严重的影响。

The study was carried out on mice. The researchers found that mice had an increased susceptibility to chemically induced inflammation of the colon (colitis) and severe symptoms after only two days of a high-sugar diet compared with those eating a balanced diet.

这项研究是在老鼠身上开展的。研究人员发现，相比于饮食均衡的老鼠，两天内只吃高糖食物的老鼠更容易患上由化学反应引起的结肠炎和其他严重的症状。

Karen Madsen, of the Department of Medicine at the university, specialises in diet and its effects on inflammatory bowel disease. She said the results parallel what many patients with colitis have been saying for a long time, that small changes in their diet can make their symptoms flare up.

阿尔伯塔大学医学系的卡伦·马德森专注于研究饮食及其对炎症性肠病的影响。她说，研究结果与许多结肠炎患者长期以来的说法类似，即饮食上的微小改变会使他们的症状加剧。

She said: "It's been previously shown that the type of diet you are on can change your susceptibility to disease. We wanted to know how long it takes before a change in diet translates into an impact on health. In the case of sugar and colitis, it only took two days, which was really surprising. We didn't think it would happen so quick."

她说：“此前有研究表明，你的饮食类型可以改变你对疾病的易感性。我们想知道改变饮食对健康产生影响需要多长时间。结果糖引发结肠炎只花了两天，这太令人惊讶了。我们没想到病情会发生得这么快。”

What could bring about such a serious change in such a short time? It's your microbiome again. Your gut bacteria don't like sugar. Your bad bacteria, however, love it.

究竟是什么原因导致病情在这么短的时间内发生如此严重的变化?原因在于微生物群。你的肠道益生菌并不喜欢糖。但是，有害细菌却喜欢糖。

Fibre-rich foods act as fuel for the "good" bacteria which are vital for an efficient immune system. But a high sugar, low fibre diet feeds "bad" microbes, such as E.coli, that are linked to inflammation and a defective immune response.

富含纤维的食物对于“有益”细菌来说就好比是燃料，而有益细菌对高效免疫系统至关重要。但是高糖、低纤维的食物合了“有害”微生物的胃口，比如会引发炎症和导致免疫缺陷反应的大肠杆菌。

Madsen's study showed that the mice on the high-sugar diet had greater intestinal tissue damage and a defective immune response. These problems reduced when their diet was supplemented with the fatty acids that are normally produced by good bacteria.

马德森的研究表明，食用高糖食物的老鼠肠道组织损伤和免疫缺陷反应更严重。当向它们的饮食中加入通常由益生菌产生的脂肪酸时，情况则会好转。

"There is increasing evidence that suggests there's a link between the gut bacteria and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's," explained Madsen.

马德森解释说：“越来越多的证据表明，肠道细菌和阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病等神经退行性疾病之间存在着联系。”

 

【词汇】

inflammation [ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃn] n. 炎症;发炎

susceptibility [səˌseptəˈbɪləti] n. 敏感性;易感性

defective [dɪˈfektɪv] adj. 有缺陷的;不完美的

supplement [ˈsʌplɪmənt] n. 增刊;补品;附录 v. 增补，补充

      以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2021考研英语同源外刊3月:为什么不能吃太多的糖?”，希望对大家提升考研英语方面有所帮助!祝2021考研顺利通过!

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