考研英语新题型是整个英语试卷中，考生较容易做的题目。接下来，小编为帮助广大考研者们，在考研英语新题型上面少失分，特意分享-考研英语(一)新题型真题解析排序题(2014年)，供考生参考。
考研英语(一)新题型真题解析排序题(2014年)
[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable——for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece; the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.
[B] In another case, American archaeologists Rene Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city's vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.
[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Survevs and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.
[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case many researchers working around the ancient Mava city of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copan collapsed.
[E] To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or fields.
[F] Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can take vears. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for sever years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Ar thur Evan combed antique dealers' stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evan's interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to Gind the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knossós), on the island of Crete, in 1900.
[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. They often inelude a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the land scapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.
41.()→A→42.()→E→43.()→44.()→45.()
参考译文
当地面看不见任何东西的时候，考古学家是如何知道去哪里寻找他们所要找的东西?通常，他们对大范围地形进行勘测和取样(做测试挖掘)，以此判断在哪里挖掘会带来有用信息。勘测和测试样本对于了解含有遗迹的更大范围地形也是至关重要的。
一些考古遗址往往容易让人发现——例如，希腊雅典的帕台农神殿，埃及吉萨金字塔和英国南部巨石阵的巨石。但是这些遗迹都是常规下的例外情况。大多数考古遗迹都是通过仔细寻找定位，而其他许多遗迹都是意外发现的。奥杜威峡谷——坦桑尼亚一处早期人类遗址——据说是在1911年由一位掉入深谷的蝴蝶猎手发现的。20世纪70年代，墨西哥城挖地铁时发现了成千上万阿兹特克人的手工艺品。
然而，大多数考古遗址是由致力于寻找它们的考古学家发现的。这样的寻找可能耗费数年。英国考古学家霍华德·卡特从其他遗迹发现的信息得知埃及法老图坦卡门的坟墓是存在的。卡特穿过帝王谷碎石堆寻找七年才于1922年确定了坟墓位置。19世纪末，英国考古学家亚瑟·埃文在希腊雅典四处寻找古董商店。他想要寻找属于古迈锡尼文明的小印章，该文明曾在公元前1400年代至1200年代统治希腊。埃文对这些雕刻的理解最终使他于1900年在克里特岛克诺索斯发现了米诺斯宫殿。
为了找到遗迹，考古学家如今很大程度上依赖系统勘测方法和大量科技工具与手段。航空技术，比如各种雷达和飞机或航天器携带的照相设备，让考古学家在无需挖掘的情况下就知道地面下有什么东西。航空勘测可以定位兴趣总区域或较大的被埋藏的地貌特征，比如古建筑物或土地。
地面勘测能让考古学家精确定位能够成功挖掘的地点。大多数地面勘测需要大量步行，寻找比如陶瓷小碎片的地面线索。这些勘测通常需要进行一定数量的挖掘，以此检测一片土地上所选地点所埋藏的东西。考古学家也可能通过利用地面雷达、磁场记录和金属探测器等技术来确定埋藏遗迹的地点。考古学家通常用电脑对遭迹和周围地形进行绘图。二维和三维地图对于挖掘规划、了解遗迹外观和展现考古研究成果具有很大帮助。
勘测可能涵盖一大片定居点或整片地形。有一次，在洪都拉斯玛雅古城科藩进行勘测的众多研究人员通过航空照片和徒步测绘发现了数以百计的小村庄和民宅。最终的村落地图显示，在公元500年至850年间(当科藩倒塌的时候)，城市周边的农村人口分布和密度是如何发生重大变化的。
另外一次，美国考古学家雷内·米利翁和乔治·考吉尔花费数年对墨西哥谷特奥蒂瓦坎(靠近现在的墨西哥城)全城进行系统绘图。公元600年左右，在其鼎盛时期，这个城市曾是世界较大的人类定居地之一。研究人员不仅绘制了该城市面积广阔、装饰华丽的礼仪场所，也绘制了成百上千普通人居住的相对简朴的公寓大楼。
答案解析
41.[C]
解析
首先，文章[A][E]两段已经给定顺序，故只需看其余五项。要确定首段选什么，首先要重点看首句是否符合文章首段特征。[B]首句出现"In another case另一次”，很显然不可能是首段，而且可以确定其前面应该出现in one case，故排除该项可能性。[C]项首句是问句，文章以疑问句开篇，这是完全有可能的，可以保留。[D]项Surveys can.没有明显特征，无法确定，可以先保留。[F]Most archaeological sites，however.从however这一转折词就可以判断前面还有内容，不可能是首段，可以排除。[G]项Ground surveys.同样没有明显特征，先保留。故缩小范围至[C][D][G]三项。接着可以看看各项尾句，判断与下一段[A]项首句是否衔接。[A]首句关键词：some archaeological sites，[C]尾句关键词为：archaeological sites;[D]尾句关键词为：rural population、AD 500 and 850、Copan;[G]尾句关键词为：results of archaeological research。显然，能与[A]首句衔接的选项为[C]，故确定[C]为首段。
42.答案[F]
解析
理论上，该段与[A]项尾句密切相关，然而[A]项整段几乎都在举例，尾句也不例外，而这些例子是不可能重复出现的，因此该项尾句没有太多价值。而该项首句是本段中心，首句说：Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable.再看下一段首句[E1项首句.To find their sites，archaeologists today...其中their sites一词说明上文提到过sites，本题剩余[B][D][F][G]四项可选，重点看首尾句。首先[B]首句In another case提示前面一定有in one case，而[A]项整段都没有出现该词，因此排除[B]的可能性。[D]项第一行明确提到In one case，得出结论：[D][B]两项是连续的，很明显，只能放在后面三空。排除[D]在本空的可能性。[G]首句Ground surveys出现得很突然，因为上段[A]项没有提到任何surveys的信息，因此可以排除。剩余[F]，该段首句Most archaeological sites与[A]项首句Some archaeological sites形成照应;也与下文To find their sites，archaeologists...照应。把[A][F][E]三段首句放在一起可以更肯定：[A]Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable.——[F]Most archaeological sites，however，are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them.——[E]To find their sites，archaeologists today...并且，「F]段举例讲述过去考古学家如何寻找考古遗址，[E]项转而说今天考古学家如何去寻找遗迹，从整段内容上看，[F]也是符合上下文的。综上，本题答案为[F]。
43.答案[G]
解析
首先看「E]项，即上段尾句关键词：aerial surveys、areas of interest、buried features、buildings or fields。剩余[B][D][G]三项，前面的分析已经明确[B]在[D]后面，因此只剩[D][G]两个可能性。[D]首句关键词：surveys、settlement、landscapes;[G]首句关键词：ground surveys、archaeologists、places、digs。显然[E]的关键词与这两项都只有surveys一词重叠，故在[E]项最后一句基础上继续往前寻找关键词，[E]项倒数第二句出现关键词：archaeologists、the ground、 digging。很明显，[G]项大部分信息都与之重叠。再者，上文说aerial surveys，这里接着说ground surveys，完全是符合逻辑的。因此本题选择[G]。
44.答案[D]
解析
根据前面分析，基本确定最后两题选择[D][B]。为了证明这个答案，我们将[D]项首句与[G]项尾句进行分析。[G]最后两句说：Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites.Two and three-dimen-sional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations，illustrating how sites look，and presenting the results of archaeological research.[D]首句说：Surveys can cover a single large setlement or entire landscapes.其中，[G]项sites and the landscapes与[D]项settlement or entire landscapes是复现信息，故确定本题答案为[D]。
45.答案[B]
解析
上文提到：In one case，many researchers...接着整段都在举例。[B]首句提到：In another case，American archacologists...接着整段也都在举例。不仅In one case和In another case是明显的逻辑提示词，两段话结构也几乎一样，而两个结构相同的段落经常是相连的。由此可以判断：[B]放在[D]之后是正确的，即该题答案为[B]。
综上是“考研英语(一)新题型真题解析排序题(2014年)”，希望对考研学子们，复习英语上面有所帮助!
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