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       考研英语外刊阅读能力的提升，需要日积月累才能看得到效果。接下来，北京文都考研网为帮助2020考研学子，在英语水平上更上一层台阶，特意整理出考研英语外刊阅读精选:脑机接口(上)，供考生参考。

2020考研英语外刊阅读精选:脑机接口(上)

ELON MUSK, perhaps the world's most famous entrepreneur, is sometimes referred to as the Trump of technology"—not for political reasons, but because of his habit of making, at short notice, spectacular pronouncements that stretch the bounds of credibility.

也许是世界上著名的企业家的伊隆马斯克有时被称作“科技界的特朗普”。这倒不是因为什么政治原因，而是因为他经常突然发出匪夷所思的惊人声明。

On July 16th he was at it again, unveiling a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI). If human beings do not enter a symbiosis with artificial intelligence (AI), he declared, they are sure to be left behind. And he, the announcement implied, was going to be the man who stopped that happening.

7月16日他再度发声，宣布推出一种新型脑机接口(BMI) 。他宣称，如果人类不能与人工智能( AI)共生，就必定会被它超越。声明暗示，他将成为阻止这种情况发生的人。

Connecting brains directly to ma-chines is a long-standing aspiration.And it is already happening, albeit in acrude way. In deep-brain stimulation,for example, neurosurgeons implanta few electrodes into a patient'sbrain in order to treat Parkinson's disease.

将大脑与机器直接相连是很多人长久以来的愿望。现在这已在成为现实，尽管还很初级。例如在深部脑刺激中，神经外科医生将少量电极植入患者大脑以治疗帕金森病。

Utah arrays, collections of 100 conductive silicon needles, are now employed experimentally to record brain waves. A team at the University of Washington has built a brain-to-brain network that allows people to play games with each other using just their thoughts.

现在，在实验中，研究人员用由100个针状硅电极组成的犹他电极阵列记录脑电波。华盛顿大学的一个团队建立了一一个“脑对脑网络”，让人们仅通过意念沟通来合作打游戏。

And researchers at the University of California, SanFrancisco, have captured neural signals from people as they talk, and have then turned that information, via a computer, into intelligible speech.

加州大学旧金山分校的研究人员在实验参与者谈话时捕获了他们的神经信号，然后通过计算机将这些信息转化为可理解的话语。

As with all things Musk-related,Neuralink is much more ambitious.The firm does not just want to develop a better BMI. Its aim is to create a neurallace", a mesh of ultra-thin electrodes that capture as much information from the brain as possible.

与和马斯克参与的所有事情一样,Neuralink公司的雄心绝不止于此。它要做的不仅是开发更好的BMI。它的目标是创造一一个“神经蕾丝”，一个由超薄电极组成的网状结构，可以从大脑中捕获尽可能多的信息。

Unsurprisingly, hurdles abound. The electrodes needed to do this must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will also last for a long time. They have to number at least in the thousands, to provide sufficient bandwidth.

前路自然障碍重重。所需的电极必须为柔性，才不会损伤脑组织，也能有较长的使用寿命。要提供足够的带宽需要至少成千上万个电极。

And to make the implantation of so many electrodes safe, painless and effective,the process has to be automated, much like LASIK surgery, which uses lasers to correct eyesight.

为了确保这么多电极能够安全无痛且有效地植入，整个过程必须像LASIK手术( 用激光矫正视力)那样自动化。

Neuralink does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals. Its presentation, at the California Academy of Sciences, in San Francisco, included videos of a neurosurgical robot that is best described as a sewing machine.

Neuralink似乎确实在朝着这些目标,迈进。它在位于旧金山的加州科学院(California Academy of Sciences)做展示时，播放了一台神经外科机器人的视频。用“缝纫机”来描述这台机器人最形象不过。

This robot grabs threads" (flms, contain-ing electrodes, that measure less than a quarter of the diameter of a human hair), and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole in the skull. It is capable of inserting six threads, each carrying 32 electrodes, per minute.

它抓住“线”(由电极构成的薄膜，不到头发丝直径的四分之一)，然后通过头骨上的一一个洞将它们插入大脑深处。缝纫机能够每分钟插入六根线，每根线携带32个电极。

The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes 30 times more than current systems -and transmit them wirelessly.

Neuralink还设计了一种芯片，可处理并无线传输多达3072个电极的信号( 是现有系统的30倍)。

       以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研英语外刊阅读精选:脑机接口(上)”，希望对2020考研者有所帮助!祝2020考研成功!

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