考研英语阅读理解中的文章，很多来自一些外刊杂志方面的题材。接下来，北京文都考研网为扩宽2020考研学子的知识面，整理了考研英语经济学人:中国女性崛起之路，供考生参考。
2020考研英语经济学人:中国女性崛起之路
How China forged self-made female billionaires
中国如何造就了白手起家的女性亿万富豪
Dong Mingzhu is the most visible face of female enterprise in China. The 64-year-old boss of Gree, the world’s biggest maker of air-conditioners, is everywhere: in television ads, on billboards and, last year, in two places at once—jaywalking in the city of Ningbo while at Gree’s headquarters in Zhuhai (police cameras mistakenly captured her visage plastered on a bus).
董明珠是中国最引人注目的女性企业家。这位64岁的格力(全球最大的空调设备制造商)老板可以说是无处不在：电视广告上、广告牌上，去年她甚至在同一时间出现在了两个地方——在宁波乱穿马路的同时还现身于珠海的格力总部(电子眼误拍了贴在公交车上的董明珠的形象)。
Ms Dong joined Gree as a door-to-door saleswoman in 1990, as a widow with an eight-year-old son. In 2012 she became its chairwoman. Although Gree has state roots, Ms Dong acts like a high-profile entrepreneur.
董明珠于1990年加入格力电器，成为了一名挨家挨户上门推销的销售员，当时，她是一位独自带着8岁儿子的单亲妈妈。2012年，她成为了格力电器的董事长。虽然格力电器是一家国有控股公司，但董明珠行事却像一位高调的企业家。
Her life was the subject of a TV drama, and she has written two popular memoirs. Her steely, unglamorous image (a confessed penchant for skirts notwithstanding) inspires young women.
她的经历被拍成了一部电视剧，她还写过两部颇受欢迎的回忆录。她坚毅、朴实的形象(虽然如此，但她坦承自己对裙子情有独钟)激励着年轻的女性。
Matters of gender bore her. Asked about her rise in a country run by men, she responds: “Men or women, few are up to the challenge.”
性别问题让她感到厌烦。当被问及她是如何在一个由男性统治的国家中步步高升的，她说道：“无论男女，都很少有人能经受这一挑战。”
That may be so. But Ms Dong represents a generation of Chinese women who have climbed higher than their sisters in South Korea or Japan. Fully 51 of the 89 self-made female billionaires on this year’s Hurun Rich List, a Who’s Who of the ultra-wealthy, are Chinese—well above China’s 20% share of the world’s women.
或许确实如此。但相比于韩国和日本女性，董明珠所代表的一代中国女性确实取得了更高的成就。在今年《胡润全球白手起家女富豪榜》上榜的89位女性中，有51位来自中国，远远超过了中国在全球女性中所占的比例(20%)。
Relative to population (one for every 13.4m Chinese females), that is not far off America’s tally of 18 (one for every 9.1m). South Korea has one, Yoo Jung-hyun of Nexon, a gaming giant. Japan has none (Forbes reckons that Yoshiko Shinohara, who founded a temporary-staffing agency, became the first in 2017, aged 82).
相对于人口而言(相当于每1340万名中国女性中就有一位上榜)，它与美国的18位(相当于每910万美国女性中就有一位)相差无几。韩国仅有一位，游戏巨头 Nexon 的 Yoo Jung-hyun。日本则一位都没有(据《福布斯》估计，创立了一家人才派遣公司的82岁的筱原欣子在2017年成为了日本首位白手起家的女性亿万富豪)。
China’s include Wu Yajun, a property mogul with a $10bn fortune; Cheng Xue of Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Company, known as “the soy-sauce queen”; and Li Haiyan and Shu Ping, co-founders of Haidilao, a chain of hotpot restaurants. Ms Dong, with a net worth of 3bn yuan ($440m), does not make Hurun’s list.
中国上榜的女富豪包括拥有100亿资产的房地产大亨吴亚军;佛山市海天味业的“酱油皇后”程雪;以及连锁火锅店海底捞的联合创始人李海燕和舒萍。拥有30亿元人民币(约合4.4亿美元)净资产的董明珠未能进入《胡润全球白手起家女富豪榜》。
Why have they done so well?
她们为什么能取得如此成就?
A likelier explanation is China’s manufacturing boom, which afforded women unprecedented opportunities. In 1968 Mao Zedong enjoined female labourers to hold up “half the sky”; by the 1980s their labour-force participation hovered around 80%.
一种可能的解释是，中国制造业的蓬勃发展为女性提供了前所未有的机遇。1968年，Mao说道，妇女能顶半边天;到了20世纪80年代，中国女性的劳动力参与率达到了80%左右。
Britain’s then stood at 60%, and America’s lower still. India, with a similar GDP per person to China at the time, barely managed 30%. Many successful Chinese businesswomen rose from the factory floor.
当时的英国为60%，而美国则更低。印度当时的人均GDP与中国相当，但女性的劳动力参与率仅勉强达到30%。许多成功的中国女商人都是从工厂里一步步爬上来的。
【重难点词汇】
self-made ['self'meid] adj. 白手起家的，靠个人奋斗成功的;自制的
jaywalk ['dʒe'wɔk] vi. 乱穿马路(不遵守交通规则)
plaster ['plæstɚ] n. 石膏;灰泥;膏药 vt. 减轻;粘贴;涂以灰泥;敷以膏药;使平服
penchant ['pentʃənt] n. 嗜好;倾向
unprecedented [ʌn'prɛsɪdɛntɪd] adj. 空前的;无前例的
enjoin [ɪn'dʒɔɪn] vt. 命令;吩咐;嘱咐;禁止
以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研英语经济学人:中国女性崛起之路”，希望对备考2020考研英语的考生有所帮助!祝2020考研顺利!
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