考研英语阅读理解中的文章，很多来自一些外刊杂志方面的题材。接下来，北京文都考研网为扩宽2020考研学子的知识面，整理了考研英语经济学人外刊:叙利亚8年内战之际，供考生参考。
2020考研英语经济学人外刊:叙利亚8年内战之际
Syria’s broken schools will make it difficult to fix the country
叙利亚破碎的学校使得修复国家变得困难
The uneducated are easy prey for the Assad regime and extremist groups
未受教育者很容易成为阿萨德政权和极端组织的牺牲品
After eight years of civil war, Syria’s education system is a wreck. Nearly 3m school-age children, a third of the total, do not attend classes.
内战爆发8年之际，叙利亚的教育体系已经满目疮痍。有近300万学龄儿童(占总学龄儿童人数的三分之一)无学可上。
That is, in part, because 40% of schools are unusable. Some have been damaged in the fighting; others are being used by armed groups or the displaced. The schools that still function are crammed and there are fewer teachers to run them—around 150,000 have fled or been killed.
一部分原因是因为有40%的学校无法使用。有些是在战争中损毁;其他的则是被武装组织或流离失所者占用了。仍在运作的学校则人满为患，并且教师的人数也越来越少了——大约有15万名教师逃离了或被杀害了。
Unsurprisingly, students are way behind. Ten-year-olds in Syria read like five-year-olds in developed countries, says Save the Children, an aid agency. The literacy rate has plummeted.
毋庸置疑，学生们被耽误了。救助机构“拯救儿童”表示，叙利亚10岁儿童仅有发达国家5岁儿童的阅读能力。全国识字率也直线下降。
The consequences are stark. Syrians lack the skills needed to rebuild their country or to escape the grinding poverty in which 80% of them live.
其后果非常严峻。叙利亚人缺乏重建国家或摆脱极度贫困(叙利亚80%的人处于极度贫困状况)所必需的技能。
The uneducated are easier prey for jihadists and militiamen offering money and a bit of power, or for Bashar al-Assad’s regime, which will gladly give them a spot in the army.
未受教育者更容易被圣战分子或民兵组织所招募(往往只用通过金钱或一点点权力)，或是被给他们留有一席之地的巴沙尔·阿萨德政权的军队所招募。
Shattered schools are yet another reason for more affluent Syrians to leave the country—and for those who have fled to stay abroad.
破碎的学校也是叙利亚富人逃离这个国家(他们逃离叙利亚在国外定居)的另一个原因。
“We’ll see the catastrophic results over the next decade as children become adults,” says Riyad al-Najem of Hurras, a charity that supports over 350 schools in Syria.
慈善机构Hurras(该慈善机构已经为叙利亚350多所学校提供了援助)的 Riyad al-Najem 说：“随着孩子们逐渐长大成人，我们将在未来10年内看到一个灾难性的结果。”
At least seven different curricula compete in Syria. Opponents of Mr Assad purged the state’s syllabus of its paeans to the ruling Baath party. But they sparred over a common curriculum to replace it.
在叙利亚，至少有七种不同的课程体系在相互竞争。阿萨德的反对者废除了国家原来的课程体系，原来的课程充满了对执政党复兴党的赞扬。但他们在共同的新课程(用以替代旧课程)这个问题上产生了争议。
The Kurds, who rule the north-east, imposed their own curriculum, replacing adulation of the Assads with adulation of Abdullah Ocalan, a jailed leader of Turkey’s Kurds. The Turks, meanwhile, have opened 11 religious secondary schools in the strip of Syria that they control.
统治着叙利亚东北部的库尔德人则强加了自己的课程，以对阿卜杜拉·奥贾兰(一位身陷囹圄的土耳其库尔德人领导人)的崇拜取代了对阿萨德家族的崇拜。与此同时，土耳其在其控制的叙利亚地区开设了11所宗教中学。
The Syriac Orthodox church and the jihadists of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and Islamic State have opened their own schools, too.
叙利亚东正教会、哈亚特·塔里尔·沙姆圣战组织(HTS)和伊斯兰国也都各自开办了自己的学校。
As the frontlines of the war shifted, children lurched between curricula. Certificates earned in one place are often not recognised by the authorities in other parts. That makes it hard for students to get into universities, almost all of which are in regime-held areas.
随着战争前线的不断转移，孩子们所学的课程也在不断变化。在一个地方取得的毕业证往往得不到其他地方当局的认可。这就使得学生很难考入大学，叙利亚几乎所有的大学都在政府控制的地区。
Many simply drop out. In some parts of the country 50% of kids leave school by the age of 13 and 80% by the age of 16. Sometimes parents pull their children out in order to marry them off or have them work on the streets.
许多人干脆选择辍学。在叙利亚的一些地区，50%的孩子13岁就辍学了，80%的孩子16岁就辍学了。有时，一些父母让孩子辍学是为了将她们嫁出去或让他们出去工作。
“They’ll make the same wages for their rest of their lives and bring up their children to do the same,” says Harun Onder of the World Bank.
世界银行的哈伦·翁代尔说：“他们(指那些辍学工作的孩子们)余生都将拿着不变的工资，并且将来也会对他们的孩子做着同样的事情(这里是指也会让他们的孩子早早地辍学嫁人或工作)。”
Western donors have withheld aid from rebel-held areas in order to avoid helping terrorist groups, such as HTS, which controls Idlib province. In 2017 the European Union, which has invested €2bn in Syrian education since 2012, stopped all but emergency relief in areas controlled by the regime.
西方援助者拒绝向反政府武装控制的地区提供援助，避免帮助了恐怖组织(例如控制着伊德利卜省的HTS)。2017年，欧盟停止了对HTS控制地区的除了紧急救济外的所有援助，自2012年以来，欧盟已向叙利亚教育援助了20亿欧元。
A scheme to train teachers from Syria at the American University in Beirut was postponed after the EU backed away. “We don’t want to do anything which would legitimise the regime or the terrorists,” says an EU official.
在欧盟停止援助后，贝鲁特美国大学培训叙利亚教师的计划也被推迟。一位欧盟官员表示：“我们不想做任何会使该政权或恐怖组织合法化的事情。”
But withholding aid may help them. Syrians are being pushed into the arms of militants, says Mr Najem, who fears a rash of school closures.
但停止援助可能反而会帮到他们。Najem 表示，叙利亚人正在被推入武装分子的怀抱中，他很担心学校接二连三地关闭。
Massa Mufti, an education expert from Damascus who advises the UN, worries that there will be more bloodshed: “We are generating another cycle of radicalisation and violence.”
大马士革教育专家马萨·穆夫提向联合国提出忠告：“我们正在制造新一轮的激进与暴力。”他担心会爆发更多的流血冲突。
[重难点词汇]
plummet ['plʌmɪt] n. 铅锤，坠子 vi. 垂直落下;(价格、水平等)骤然下跌
catastrophic [,kætə'strɑfɪk] adj. 灾难的;悲惨的;灾难性的，毁灭性的
curriculum [kə'rɪkjələm] n. 课程
syllabus ['sɪləbəs] n. 教学大纲，摘要;课程表
以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研英语经济学人外刊:叙利亚8年内战之际”，希望对备考2020考研英语的考生有所帮助!祝2020考研顺利!
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