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      翻译硕士考研要看的知识较广，考生们复习不能局限于书本内容，还需看中国日报上的信息。接下来，北京文都考研网为帮助2021翻译硕士考生及时掌握中国日报中的热词，特意整理“2021考研MTI中国日报2月热词:中央一号文件”，供考生参考。

2021考研MTI中国日报2月热词:中央一号文件

21世纪以来第17个指导“三农”工作的中央一号文件2月5日发布。This year the document urged efforts on two main tasks -- winning the battle against poverty and strengthening areas of weakness concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, as the country strives to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects this year.

文件指出，2020年是全面建成小康社会目标实现之年，有两个重点任务要完成：打赢脱贫攻坚战，补上三农”领域突出短板。

 

【知识点】

中央一号文件(No. 1 central document)指中共中央每年发布的第一份文件(the first policy statement released by central authorities each year)。中共中央在2004年至2020年连续十七年发布以“三农”(农业、农村、农民)为主题的中央一号文件，强调了“三农”问题(issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers)在中国社会主义现代化时期“重中之重”的地位。

这份文件题为《中共中央 国务院关于抓好“三农”领域重点工作确保如期实现全面小康的意见》，全文共5个部分，包括：坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战(win the battle against poverty);对标全面建成小康社会加快补上农村基础设施和公共服务短板(improve infrastructure and public services in rural areas);保障重要农产品有效供给和促进农民持续增收(ensure supplies of important agricultural products, promote the increases in farmers' incomes);加强农村基层治理(strengthen grassroots governance in rural areas);强化农村补短板保障措施(improve rural weak links)。

具体要点如下：

China has made decisive achievements in poverty relief and vowed to fully realize poverty elimination targets this year. In doing so, the country will increase support for areas in deep poverty by adding poverty alleviation funds, the document said.

脱贫攻坚已经取得决定性成就，现在到了攻城拔寨、全面收官的阶段。各级财政要继续增加专项扶贫资金，中央财政新增部分主要用于深度贫困地区。

Efforts should also be made to provide institutional guarantees to prevent people from returning to poverty after being lifted out of it in a bid to consolidate poverty relief results.

为巩固脱贫成果提供制度保障，防止返贫。

The document noted that the country should keep the poverty alleviation policies on stable footing.

保持脱贫攻坚政策总体稳定。China will see an immense change after it accomplishes its poverty elimination tasks, it said, urging that poverty reduction work should center more on addressing relative poverty and become normalized.

脱贫攻坚任务完成后，我国贫困状况将发生重大变化，扶贫工作重心转向解决相对贫困，扶贫工作方式由集中作战调整为常态推进。

The country should establish long-term mechanisms and strengthen the "top-level design" to tackle relative poverty while accelerating its pace to introduce the guideline, connecting poverty alleviation efforts with rural vitalization strategies.

要研究建立解决相对贫困的长效机制，加强解决相对贫困问题顶层设计，抓紧研究制定脱贫攻坚与实施乡村振兴战略有机衔接的意见。

Areas of weakness in rural work such as infrastructure and public services should be improved, while efforts should be made to ensure safe drinking water and strengthen rural environmental protection, said the document.

加快补上农村基础设施和公共服务短板，农村供水保障水平，扎实搞好农村人居环境整治。

Rural education will be further improved by strengthening the building of boarding schools in townships and increasing supplies of inclusive preschool education resources through multiple channels, it said.

加强乡镇寄宿制学校建设，多渠道增加普惠性学前教育资源供给。The document also noted that the country will beef up efforts on improving medical and health services in rural areas.

加强农村基层医疗卫生服务。

As food security is a top priority, China will secure supplies of important agricultural products and maintain the stability of grain planting areas and output this year.

确保粮食安全始终是治国理政的头等大事。保障重要农产品有效供给，粮食播种面积和产量要保持基本稳定。

China will work to return hog production capacity to normal levels by the end of 2020, support the production of dairy and poultry products and guide the optimization of meat consumption structure, according to the document.

要采取综合性措施，确保2020年年底前生猪产能基本恢复到接近正常年份水平。支持奶业、禽类等生产，引导优化肉类消费结构。

The document called for the integrated industrial development in rural areas propelled by a whole industry chain based on local resources and advantages, along with industrial clusters with a competitive edge.

支持各地立足资源优势打造各具特色的农业全产业链，形成有竞争力的产业集群。

Agricultural structures should be optimized to feature more high-quality agricultural products and better certification of healthy food, organic produce and source of production, while e-commerce penetration in rural areas and oversight of food and produce should be enhanced.

继续调整优化农业结构，加强绿色食品、有机农产品、地理标志农产品认证和管理，扩大电子商务进农村覆盖面，建立健全农产品和食品追溯体系。

It also urged the stable employment of migrant workers among efforts to protect their wages.

稳定农民工就业。Governance and the leadership of the Communist Party of China in rural communities should be strengthened, it said.

加强农村基层党组织治理和领导能力。

The document also vowed more investments into rural work, encouraging the issuance of local government special bonds to boost rural vitalization as well as monetary, fiscal and policy support for rural work.

加大中央和地方财政“三农”投入力度，各地应有序扩大用于支持乡村振兴的专项债券发行规模，强化对“三农”信贷的货币、财税、监管政策正向激励。

New agricultural entities such as qualified family farms are eligible to enjoy preferential credit and tax policies, it said.

符合条件的家庭农场等新型农业经营主体可按规定享受现行小微企业相关贷款税收减免政策。The country will steadily expand pilot reforms of inclusive finance in rural areas and advance the listing of futures and options related to agricultural products.

稳妥扩大农村普惠金融改革试点，继续推进农产品期货期权品种上市。

Land for the development of rural industries should be guaranteed, it said.

保障乡村产业发展用地。The document also stressed efforts to encourage rural migrant workers, college graduates, veterans and entrepreneurs to start businesses in rural areas and support the application of more technological achievements in rural areas.

畅通各类人才下乡渠道，支持大学生、退役军人、企业家等到农村干事创业。强化科技支撑作用。

The country vowed to step up breakthroughs in key agricultural core technologies and develop heavy smart agricultural machinery. Meanwhile, the building of agricultural innovation platforms such as science and technology centers should be strengthened.

加强农业关键核心技术攻关，加快大中型、智能化、复合型农业机械研发和应用。加强农业产业科技创新中心建设。The document also stressed key reforms in rural area. The country will improve the basic rural operation system, advance reform of the rural land system and make specific policies on extending the current round of rural land contracts for another 30 years upon expiration based on trials.

抓好农村重点改革任务。完善农村基本经营制度，开展第二轮土地承包到期后再延长30年试点，在试点基础上研究制定延包的具体办法。

China will press ahead with pilot reforms of the rural collective property rights system nationwide, the document said.

全面推开农村集体产权制度改革试点。

The document urged the deepening of reform in agricultural administration to perfect the law enforcement system and improve law enforcement capabilities.

深化农业综合行政执法改革，完善执法体系，执法能力。Policies should fit local conditions and farmers' wishes, the document noted, stressing that officials should avoid formalism and bureaucracy in policy implementation.

坚持从农村实际出发，因地制宜，尊重农民意愿，力戒形式主义、官僚主义。

      以上是北京文都考研网分享的“2021考研MTI中国日报2月热词:中央一号文件”，希望对2021翻译硕士考研者们，在学习上面有所帮助!祝2021考研金榜题名!

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