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       在秋季提升阶段，翻译硕士考研者要做的事情，不仅要牢固专业基础知识，还需要泛读一些报刊文章。下面，北京文都考研网小编为扩展翻译硕士考生的知识面，整理了MTI双语时事:科学家将用基因编辑治先天失明，供考生参考。

2020考研MTI双语时事:科学家将用基因编辑治先天失明

CRISPR is coming for your body. While that may sound like the tagline of a horror film, it’s potentially the future of medicine, as the gene-editing technique is about to be used for the first time inside the bodies of presumably willing patients.

基因编辑技术将用于你的身体。虽然这听起来可能像恐怖电影的口号，但这可能成为医学界的未来，因为基因编辑技术将首次在自愿接受治疗的患者体内试用。

The first trial could be an impressive feat of modern medicine: Scientists hope to use CRISPR’s gene-editing magic to restore sight to people with an inherited form of blindness called Leber congenital amaurosis. It’s the most common cause of inherited childhood blindness, occurring in about 2 to 3 of every 100,000 births, according to the AP.

基因编辑技术的首次试验可能是现代医学的伟大壮举：科学家们希望利用基因编辑技术来治疗先天性失明Leber先天性黑朦。据美联社报道，这是造成儿童先天性失明的常见原因，患病率约为十万分之二/三。1869年由Theodor Leber 首先报道，故又名Leber先天性黑朦 (Leber congenital amaurosis)。少见。常染色体隐性遗传，也有少数显性遗传的报道。父母多有近亲联姻史。

People with the disease lack just one gene, the gene that converts light into signals to the brain and lets the eyes do their job. The hope is that adding that gene through a one-time CRISPR treatment will cure them, permanently editing their DNA and letting them see. This is undoubtedly a more noble use of CRISPR than making spicy tomatoes.

此疾病的患者只缺乏可以将光转化为大脑的信号，然后眼睛就能正常工作的基因。希望借助基因编辑技术增加该基因，达到一次性为患者治疗，永久编辑患者DNA然后使其恢复视力。毫无疑问，这比利用基因编辑技术制造辣番茄伟大多了。就是辣番茄，能产生辣椒素的番茄。

It’s a good trial for the cutting-edge—and controversial—technology, because there’s already some solid proof that the disease is treatable on a genetic level. As the AP notes, thanks to a gene therapy called Luxturna, which is already on the market, scientists know that injecting a replacement gene into cells in the retina can cure the ailment. CRISPR would work by similarly delivering new genetic material to the eye, giving researchers the perfect testing ground for using the new medical procedure in humans, before turning to more complicated diseases like cancer.

对于这种尖端但又有争议的技术来说，这是一种很好的尝试，因为已经有确凿的证据证明这种疾病在基因水平上是可治疗的。美联社指出，得益于一种已面市的Lxturna基因疗法，科学家们知道在视网膜细胞中注射替代基因可以治愈这种疾病。基因编辑技术将以类似的方式将新基因送至眼部，这为研究人员在人类身上使用此种医疗新手段提供一个理想试验领域，此后便可转向更复杂的疾病，比如癌症。

Two companies, Editas Medicine and Allergan, will test the technique in up to 18 people at hospitals around the United States, starting this fall. The new study will test children at least 3 years old and adults with a range of vision. According to the AP, only one other company has tried gene editing inside the body before: Sangamo Therapeutics uses the technique to treat metabolic diseases with a tool alluringly called zinc fingers.

Editas Medicine和Allergan两家公司将从今年秋季开始，在美国各地的医院对多达18人进行这项技术的测试。这项新研究将测试至少3岁的儿童和视力范围较广的成年人。据美联社报道，此前只有另一家公司尝试过在人体内部进行基因编辑:Sangamo Therapeutics使用一种名为锌指的工具来治疗代谢疾病。

CRISPR watchers may be wondering how this study can be considered the first trial in humans, because a Chinese scientist controversially used the technology to alter the DNA of two embryos, who were born last year and given the names Lulu and Nana. For this new study, scientists aim to alter the DNA in humans who have already been born. The changes theoretically will not be inherited by any offspring. Also, this one is not being done in secret, and so hopefully no one will lose their job.

CRISPR观察人士可能想知道，这项研究如何能被视为人类的第一次试验，因为一名中国科学家颇具争议地使用这项技术改变了去年出生的两个胚胎的DNA。这两个胚胎的名字分别是露露(Lulu)和娜娜(Nana)。在这项新的研究中，科学家们的目标是改变已经出生的人类的DNA。从理论上讲，这些变化不会遗传给任何后代。而且，这不是秘密进行的，所以希望没有人会失去他们的工作。

       以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研MTI双语时事:科学家将用基因编辑治先天失明”，希望对参加2020考研翻译硕士考生们，在复习中有所帮助!祝2020考研顺利!

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