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       考研英语一翻译题，是英语一试卷题型中容易得分的题。2020考研学子，在暑期备考英语一翻译题时，应以历年考研英语一真题来训练。下面，北京文都考研网为帮助英语一考生快速提升翻译能力，特意整理出2018年考研英语(一)翻译真题及解析，供考生参考。

2018年考研英语(一)翻译真题及解析

Shakespeare’s lifetime was coincident with a period of extraordinary activity and achievement in the drama. (46) By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy. These new forms were at first mainly written by scholars and performed by amateurs, but in England, as everywhere else in western Europe, the growth of a class of professional actors was threatening to make the drama popular, whether it should be new or old, classical or medieval, literary or farcical. Court, school, organizations of amateurs, and the traveling actors were all rivals in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment; and. (47) no boy who went a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.

When Shakespeare was twelve years old, the first public playhouse was built in London. For a time literature showed no interest in this public stage. Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for school or court, or for the choir boys of St. Paul’s and the royal chapel, who, however, gave plays in public as well as at court. (48) But the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters, and university men with literature ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood. By the time Shakespeare was twenty-five, Lyly, Peele, and Greene had made comedies that were at once popular and literary; Kyd had written a tragedy that crowded the pit; and Marlowe had brought poetry and genius to triumph on the common stage - where they had played no part since the death of Euripides. (49) A native literary drama had been created, its alliance with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.

The development of the Elizabethan drama for the next twenty-five years is of exceptional interest to students of literary history, for in this brief period we may trace the beginning, growth, blossoming, and decay of many kinds of plays, and of many great careers. We are amazed today at the mere number of plays produced, as well as by the number of dramatists writing at the same time for this London of two hundred thousand inhabitants. (50) To realize how great was the dramatic activity, we must remember further that hosts of plays have been lost, and that probably there is no author of note whose entire work has survived.

参考译文：

(46)在他出生之前，欧洲正经历着宗教戏剧的衰退,以及在古典悲剧和喜剧的刺激之下新形式的诞生。

(47) 但凡读过文法学校的孩子都不会忽视戏剧这种文学形式,它曾经给希腊和罗马带来荣耀，并且还可能会给英国带来荣耀。

(48) 但是专业的剧团在它们固定的剧院中兴盛起来，怀揣文学抱负的大学生们讯速地投奔这些剧院，将其视为谋生的手段。

(49) 本土的文学戏剧被创作出来,它与公众剧院形成联盟，至少在那时,一些好的传统就已经开始了。

(50) 为了认识到戏剧艺术有多么的伟大,我们必须还要记住,大量的戏剧已经不复存在,而目也许没有任何一个著名作家的全部作品都能够幸存下来。

       以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2018年考研英语(一)翻译真题及解析”，希望对复习考研英语一科目的考生，在解题方法上有所指导!祝2020考研者在没有硝烟的战场中，都能凯旋归来!

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