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      考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊8月:为什么不建议你吃预制菜，供考生参考。

2024考研英语同源外刊8月:为什么不建议你吃预制菜

Which is healthier: a bag of crisps or a kale salad? That is easy. Now which is healthier: a pizza made from scratch or one made from the same basic ingredients, with the same number of calories, pulled out of a box in the freezer? Many people concerned with what they eat would instinctively say the former, perhaps citing a vague concern with “processed food”. Such food can often be delicious. And there is much to cheer about calories being cheap and abundant, when for most of human history they were neither. But as Chris van Tulleken’s new book, “Ultra-Processed People”, explains, that cheapness and abundance come at a cost.

一袋薯片和一盘羽衣甘蓝沙拉，哪个更健康?这很容易回答。那么，一个现做披萨和一个使用相同的基本原料、包含同样多的卡路里的速冻预制比萨，哪个更健康?许多关心饮食健康的人会本能地选择前者。他们也许会说，听说“加工食品”总归不大好。加工食品通常都很美味。而有廉价又丰富的卡路里很值得庆贺——毕竟在人类历史的大部分时间里这两点都不可得。但是，正如克里斯·范图尔肯的新书《深加工人类》所解释的那样，这种廉价和丰富都是有代价的。

Mr van Tulleken, a doctor and television presenter, draws a distinction between “ultra-processed food” (UPF) and “processed food”. Almost everything people consume is processed in some form: rice is harvested and hulled, animals are butchered.

医生兼电视主持人范图尔肯把“深加工食品”和“加工食品”做了区分。人们食用的东西几乎都经过某种形式的加工，比如稻米要经过收割和脱壳，动物要经过宰杀。

He uses a definition proposed by Carlos Monteiro, a food scientist, describing UPF as “formulations of ingredients, mostly of exclusive industrial use, made by a series of industrial processes, many requiring sophisticated equipment and technology”. A pizza made from scratch contains minimally processed food (wheat turned into flour, tomatoes into sauce, milk into cheese). The one in the freezer, with its thiamine mononitrate and sodium phosphate, is UPF.

现做的披萨只含有经基本加工的材料(小麦加工成面粉，西红柿做成酱，牛奶变成奶酪)。而速冻披萨含有硫胺素硝酸盐和磷酸钠，属于深加工食品。

The cocktail of additives and preservatives in UPF harm people in ways both known and unknown. It seems to affect the gut microbiome, the trillions of bacteria that contribute to health in a range of ways. Calorie-rich but usually nutrient-poor, UPF contributes to obesity in part because its palatability and soft texture foster overconsumption, overriding satiety signals from the brain.

深加工食品中的添加剂和防腐剂混合物以各种已知或未知的方式危害人类。它似乎会影响肠道微生物菌群，而这数以万亿计的细菌以多种方式维持着人体健康。深加工食品富含卡路里，但通常缺乏营养，会导致肥胖，这一定程度上是因为它们口味诱人，口感松软，会压制大脑发出的饱腹感信号，容易让人过量食用。

Because this frankenfood is cheap to produce and buy, UPF displaces healthier alternatives, particularly for poor people. Extra weight was once a sign of wealth, but among British and American women today, obesity rates are higher at lower-income levels. (Curiously, rates do not vary for men, even though a greater share of American men than women are obese.)

由于这种“科学怪粮”的生产成本低，价格便宜，因此人们会用它替代更健康的食品，穷人就更是如此。体重超标曾经是财富的标志，而在当今的英国和美国妇女中，低收入群体的肥胖率更大。(奇怪的是，男性不同收入群体的肥胖率并没有差异，尽管美国男性的整体肥胖率要比女性多。)

 

单词：

1.scratch

/skrætʃ/

v. (用指甲)挠，轻抓; (用指甲或利器)抓破，划破; 划出，刮出(痕迹); (用爪子)抓，刨; (鸟、哺乳动物，尤指鸡)用嘴(或爪子)扒地找食物; 勾掉，划去

n. (某人皮肤上的)划痕，划伤; 刮痕，划痕; 抓，挠; 刮擦声; 唱片的嚓嚓声

adj. (球队或一群人等)仓促拼凑的，匆匆组成的; (高尔夫球员)无让杆的，无让步优待的; 碰巧的; 打草稿用的

2. ingredient

/ɪnˈɡriːdɪənt/

n. (食品的)成分，原料; 要素，因素

adj. 构成组成部分的

3. processed food 加工食品

      综上是“2024考研英语同源外刊8月:为什么不建议你吃预制菜”，希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!

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