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      考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊8月:择优还是“拼爹”?供考生参考。

2024考研英语同源外刊8月:择优还是“拼爹”?

Elite colleges have long been filled with the children of the richest families: At Ivy League schools, one in six students has parents in the top 1 percent. A large new study, released Monday, shows that it has not been because these children had more impressive grades on average or took harder classes. They tended to have higher SAT scores and finely honed résumés, and applied at a higher rate — but they were overrepresented even after accounting for those things. For applicants with the same SAT or ACT score, children from families in the top 1 percent were 34 percent more likely to be admitted than the average applicant, and those from the top 0.1 percent were more than twice as likely to get in.

精英大学里向来挤满了较富有家庭的孩子：在常春藤联盟学校，六分之一的学生的父母属于较富有的1%人群。周一发布的一项大型新研究表明，这并不是因为这些孩子的平均成绩更出色或参加了更难的课程。他们往往拥有较好的SAT分数和精心打磨的简历，申请率也较大，但即使考虑到这些因素，他们的比例仍然过多。

The study — by Opportunity Insights, a group of economists based at Harvard who study inequality — quantifies for the first time the extent to which being very rich is its own qualification in selective college admissions. The new data shows that among students with the same test scores, the colleges gave preference to the children of alumni and to recruited athletes, and gave children from private schools higher nonacademic ratings. The result is the clearest picture yet of how America’s elite colleges perpetuate the intergenerational transfer of wealth and opportunity.

这项研究是由Opportunity Insights发起的，这是一个由哈佛大学研究不平等问题的经济学家组成的团体，该研究首次量化了择优录取的大学录取过程中，富有本身在多大程度上成为一项资质。新数据显示，考试成绩相同的情况下，大学优先考虑校友子女和招募的体育生，并给予私立学校孩子更好的非学术评分。这项研究结果得出了迄今为止较清晰的图景，展示了美国精英大学如何实现财富和机会的永久代际转移。

“Are these highly selective private colleges in America taking kids from very high-income, influential families and basically channeling them to remain at the top in the next generation?” said Raj Chetty, an economist at Harvard who directs Opportunity Insights, and an author of the paper with John N. Friedman of Brown and David J. Deming of Harvard. “Flipping that question on its head, could we potentially diversify who’s in a position of leadership in our society by changing who is admitted?”

“美国这些严格挑选学生的私立大学是否会从好收入、有影响力的家庭中招收孩子，并基本上是在引导他们在下一代中保持领先地位?”哈佛经济学家拉吉·切蒂表示，他是Opportunity Insights的负责人，与布朗大学的约翰·N·弗里德曼和哈佛大学的戴维·J·戴明共同撰写了这篇论文。“把这个问题反过来看，是否可以通过改变被录取的人来使我们社会中处于领导地位的人多样化?”

Representatives from several of the colleges said that income diversity was an urgent priority, and that they had taken significant steps since 2015. when the data in the study ends, to admit lower-income and first-generation students. These include making tuition free for families earning under a certain amount; giving only grants, not loans, in financial aid; and actively recruiting students from disadvantaged high schools.

几所大学的代表表示，收入多元化是当务之急，自2015年研究数据结束以来，他们已采取重大措施招收低收入学生和家中的第一代大学生。这些措施包括对收入低于一定数额的家庭免收学费;在经济援助中只提供赠款，不提供贷款;积极从落后的高中招收学生。

“I think the most important thing here is talent is distributed equally but opportunity is not, and our admissions process is designed to account for the different opportunities students have based on their income,” he said. “It’s really incumbent upon our process to tease out the difference between talent and privilege.”

“我认为较重要的一件事是，人才是平等分布的，但机会不是平等分配的，学生基于家庭收入拥有的机会不同，我们的招生流程旨在将此纳入考量，”他说。“我们确实有责任理清天赋和特权之间的区别。”

 

单词：

1.fill with

充满;充实

2.hone

英/ həʊn /美/ hoʊn /

v.磨练，训练(尤指技艺);磨(刀、剑等);导向，朝向(hone in on);渴望;发牢骚

n.磨刀石

3.get in

进入;收集

      综上是——2024考研英语同源外刊8月:择优还是“拼爹”?希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!

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