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2024考研英语同源外刊8月:压力会导致脱发吗?

Healthy people shed around 50 to 100 strands of hair each day, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. But if you’re losing more than that, it could be a sign of a condition called telogen effluvium, or excessive hair shedding. And telogen effluvium can certainly be induced by stress, said Dr. Antonella Tosti, a dermatologist who treats hair loss at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine.

根据美国皮肤学会的数据，健康的人每天会脱落大约50到100根头发。但如果你的脱发量超过了这个量，这可能是一种名为休止期脱发或过度脱发的症状。迈阿密大学米勒医学院治疗脱发的皮肤科医生安东内拉·托斯提博士说，压力肯定会导致休止期脱发。

Experts don’t know exactly how common telogen effluvium is, in part because many people are not diagnosed with it. But women may be more likely to experience it than men, as it can be set off by pregnancy-related changes in the body, said Dr. Angela Lamb, a dermatologist at Mount Sinai in New York City.

专家们并不确切知道休止期脱发有多普遍，部分原因是许多人没有被诊断出患有这种疾病。纽约西奈山皮肤科医生安吉拉·兰姆说，但女性可能比男性更容易患上这种病，因为它可能是由与怀孕有关的身体变化引起的。

People often develop telogen effluvium between six weeks and three months after a stressful event such as a , a chronic or short-term illness (especially if it involved a fever), a pregnancy or a death in the family — basically, “anything that causes a stress or shock to your system,” Dr. Lamb said. That’s because stress increases levels of cortisol in the body, Dr. Lamb said, a hormone that has been shown to disrupt hair growth.

人们通常会在经历重大手术、慢性或短期疾病(尤其是与发烧有关的疾病)、怀孕或家人去世等压力事件后的六周到三个月之间出现休止期脱发情况——基本上，“任何对你的系统造成压力或冲击的事情，”兰姆博士说。兰姆博士说，这是因为压力会增加体内皮质醇的水平，这种激素已被证明会干扰头发的生长。

If you have been losing hair because of stress, Dr. Lamb recommended taking a daily multivitamin containing vitamin D, which is involved in hair growth, and vitamin B12. which has been shown to be deficient in some patients with telogen effluvium — though the data on this is limited. Vitamins may be especially important for people recovering from major surgery, she said, as deficiencies can be more common during this time.

如果你因为压力而脱发，兰姆博士建议每天服用含有维生素D和维生素B12的复合维生素，维生素D与头发生长有关，部分患有休止期脱发的患者表现出维生素B12缺乏的问题——尽管这方面的数据有限。她说，维生素对处于重大手术恢复期的人来说尤为重要，这段时间出现维生素缺乏的症状更为常见。

Dr. Lamb doesn’t recommend over-the-counter supplements specifically marketed to treat hair loss that contain high doses of biotin, such as those sold by Vegamour, Nutrafol and Viviscal. Biotin supplements have been shown to interfere with the results of thyroid hormone tests, and they can sometimes cause acne flare-ups, she said.

她说，生物素补充剂已被证明会干扰甲状腺激素测试的结果，有时还会导致痤疮发作。

 

单词：

1.shed

/ʃɛd/

v. 去除，摆脱; (植物)落(叶)，(动物)蜕(皮)，脱(毛); 脱掉(所穿衣物); 掉落(货物); 挡水，防水; 射出，发出(光); 流，洒，落(泪); (尤指在战争中)造成伤亡，使流(血); 把(车)停在库棚内; (分区)切断(电力载荷)

n. 棚屋，小屋; (工业上用于生产或存放设备的)厂房，工棚; 挤奶棚

2. strand

/strænd/

n. (绳、线、毛发等的)股，缕; 串; (故事、观点、计划等的)部分; (海洋、湖或河的)岸，滨

v. 使滞留，使困在(某处); 使(船，船员，海洋生物)搁浅; 使(跑垒员)残留垒上

3.telogen effluvium 毛发周期性脱发：一种常见的头发脱落现象，通常由于生理或心理压力导致头发进入休止期，从而导致大量头发脱落。

4.induce

/ɪnˈdjuːs/

v. 引诱，诱使; 引起，导致; 给(孕妇)引产，(用药物)催生; 归纳出

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