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      考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊8月:天气预报和人工智能，供考生参考。

2024考研英语同源外刊8月:天气预报和人工智能

Maniac, a computer designed at Princeton after the second world war, could perform a blistering 10.000 calculations a second. This extraordinary power was applied to two main problems: modelling thermonuclear explosions and the Earth’s weather. They were the two most consequential applications the machine’s creators could imagine. It would have taken maniac the entire 13.8bn-year history of the universe to perform as many calculations as today’s fastest computer can carry out in an hour.

二战后，普林斯顿大学设计的计算机“疯子”每秒可以进行1万次运算。这种非凡的能力被应用于两个主要问题：热核爆炸建模和地球天气。这是这台机器的创造者所能想到的较重要的两种应用。要完成当今较快的计算机在一小时内所能完成的计算，需要这台计算机“疯子”花费整个宇宙历史的138亿年。

But though their abilities and ambit have increased, today’s supercomputers still see a great deal of their capacity devoted to weaponry and weather. Research from the World Bank and others puts the benefits of numerical weather prediction (NWP) at $162bn a year. Its success can be attested to by any modern farmer or military commander. It can also be felt in the fabric of everyday life. No smartphone lacks icons redolent of sun, rain, wind or cloud. Deciding to leave an umbrella at home on a forecaster’s advice is no longer necessarily a triumph of hope over experience.

但是，尽管计算机的能力和范围有所增加，如今的计算机仍然将它们很大一部分能力用于武器和天气。世界银行和其他机构的研究表明，数值天气预报每年带来的收益为1620亿美元。任何现代农民或军事指挥官都可以证明数值天气预报的成功。数值天气预报的成功也可以在日常生活的结构中感受到。没有哪款智能手机缺少太阳、雨、风或云的图标。听从天气预报员的建议，决定把雨伞留在家里，不再一定是希望战胜了经验。

The application of machine learning and other forms of artificial intelligence (AI) will improve things further. The supercomputers used for NWP calculate the next days’ weather on the basis of current conditions, the laws of physics and various rules of thumb; doing so at a high resolution eats up calculations by the trillion with ridiculous ease. Now machine-learning systems trained simply on past weather data can more or less match their forecasts, at least in some respects. If advances in AI elsewhere are any guide, that is only the beginning.

机器学习和其他形式的人工智能的应用将进一步改善这种情况。数值天气预报使用的计算机根据当前条件、物理定律和各种经验法则计算未来几天的天气;在分辨率下这样做可以轻松地消耗数万亿的计算量。现在，机器学习系统只要接受过去天气数据的训练，就能或多或少地与它们的预测相匹配，至少在某些方面是这样。如果其他地方的人工智能进步有什么指导意义的话，那也仅仅是个开始而已。

 

单词：

AI abbr. 人工智能(artificial intelligence);

forecasting /ˈfɔːrkæstɪŋ/ n. 预测;预报;

maniac /ˈmeɪniæk/ n. 疯子;

design /dɪˈzaɪn/ vt. 设计;

second world war 第二次世界大战;

blistering /ˈblɪstərɪŋ/ adj. 迅速的;

calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 计算;

extraordinary /ɪkˈstrɔːrdəneri/ adj. 非凡的;

apply /əˈplaɪ/ vt. 应用;

thermonuclear /ˌθɜːrmoʊˈnuːkliər/ adj. 热核的;

consequential /ˌkɑːnsɪˈkwenʃ(ə)l/ adj. 重要的，意义重大的;

application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 应用;

ambit /ˈæmbɪt/ n. 范围;

capacity /kəˈpæsəti/ n. 能力;

      综上是“2024考研英语同源外刊8月:天气预报和人工智能”，希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!

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