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      考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊7月:生活是怎么被拖延症控制?供考生参考。

2024考研英语同源外刊7月:生活是怎么被拖延症控制?

Researchers Ferrari and Díaz-Morales (2014) define chronic procrastination as, “the purposive and frequent delay in beginning or completing a task to the point of experiencing subjective discomfort.” Some researchers who have studied procrastination, like Piers Steel, a professor of psychology at the University of Sheffield, view it as a form of "self-harm." If this is true, then many people who engage in procrastination may be doing so with a full awareness of the choices they are making. But why continue to do it?

研究人员Ferrari和Díaz-Morales(2014)把慢性拖延症定义为“有目的且频繁地推迟开始或完成一项任务，乃至达到主观不适的程度。”一些研究拖延症的研究员，如谢菲尔德大学的心理学教授皮尔斯·斯蒂尔，将其视为“自我伤害”的某种形式。如果这是真的，那么很多有拖延症的人可能是完全知道自己正在做的选择而有意为之的。但为什么他们还是继续这么做?

A large part of what I have seen in my own private practice is that people tend to engage in procrastination because there is an underlying inability to regulate one’s internal emotional climate around a task. This usually happens when a task invokes stress, insecurity, anxiety, or a perceived threat to our own self-esteem. For example, not pursuing a dream can mean, "I am still worthy,” rather than the possibility of rejection or failure. Once this happens, a part of our brain responsible for detecting threats known as the amygdala intercepts, locks in, and encourages self-preserving action, even if we understand the implications.

在我的个人经验中，我看到的大部分的情况是，人们因为无法调节个人对任务的内在情绪氛围，而选择拖延。这通常发生在一项任务会引起压力、不安全感、焦虑或自尊受到威胁时。例如，不去追求梦想可能意味着，“我还是有价值的”，而不用直面被拒绝或失败的可能性。一旦去想，我们大脑中负责检测威胁的部分——杏仁核就会拦截、锁定并鼓励自我保护行动，即使我们明白这意味着什么。

As well, the behavior comes to be perceived as a “rewarded” outcome for the brain, which primes itself to do the same thing again and again. This can severely impede one’s goals, such as the desire to lose weight, change careers, enroll in college, or pursue personal interests. For those who are more “psychologically vulnerable” and struggle with things like perfectionistic tendencies, impulsivity, anxiety, and self-control issues, there is an even greater likelihood of succumbing to procrastination's potential.

同样，这种行为也可以看成是一种大脑的“奖励”结果，它会让自己一次又一次地做相同的事。这可能会严重阻碍一个人的目标，比如减肥、换工作、上大学或追求个人兴趣。对于那些“心理更脆弱”的人，以及那些存在自我控制问题的人来说，屈服于拖延症的可能性更大。

The decision process used to disengage a task once the amygdala hijacks things is known as temporal discounting, which is a motivated optioning based not on a future state, but rather the needs of the moment. This may happen because the present is perceived as overwhelming, or the relief from the task is more stimulating than future rewards unrealized. Researchers have looked at temporal discounting leading to procrastination, and have noted that problems with intertemporal decision-processing (momentary thinking) typically arise because of conflicts between temporally distinct and delineated versions of “self.”

事情一旦被大脑杏仁核绑架，用于解除任务的决策过程就可以看作是一种时间贴现，它是一种基于当下需求而非未来状态下受到激励的选择。可能因为当下是令人难以承受的，从任务当中解脱出来比尚未实现的未来的奖励更令人兴奋。

According to neuroscientist Judson Brew, procrastination is truly about emotions and not productive potential. Thus, quick fixes like productivity apps and the like do not address deeper psychological conflicts going on internally. Instead, we must address better ways to manage our emotions to lead healthier lives, and ultimately change procrastination tendencies.

根据神经科学家贾德森·布鲁的说法，拖延症实际上与情绪有关，而与生产能力无关。因此，像效率的软件等快速解决方法并不能解决内心深处的心理冲突。相反，我们必须找到更好的方法来管理我们的情绪，拥有更健康的生活，并最终改变拖延症的倾向。

 

词汇:

1.procrastination

/prəu,kræsti'neiʃən/

n. 耽搁，拖延; 拖延症

2.amygdala

/əˈmɪɡdələ/

n.杏仁核;扁桃腺;苦巴旦杏

3. intercept

/ˌɪntəˈsɛpt/

v. 拦截，阻截; 抄截(对方的传球); 截断，中止(光等电磁辐射); (线，面)截取，截断(部分面积、线、面)

n. 拦截，截获; (数)截点，截距

4. prime

/praɪm/

adj. 主要的，首要的; 优质的，第一流的; 最可能的，最适合的

v. 事先指点，使(某人)做好准备; 把(某事物)准备好，使备用; 给(表面)涂上底色

n. 盛年，壮年时期; 质数，素数

5. impede

/ɪmˈpiːd/

v. 妨碍，阻碍

6. disengage

/ˌdɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/

vt.使脱离;解开;解除

7.delineate

/dɪˈlɪnɪˌeɪt/

v. (详细地)描述，解释; 标明，标示(边界)

      综上是“2024考研英语同源外刊7月:生活是怎么被拖延症控制?”，希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!

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