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2024考研英语同源外刊5月:0卡糖增加中风风险?

A sweetener found in nature and often added to diet products, particularly for the ketogenic diet, may actually contribute to clogged arteries and strokes, a new study suggests. People with the highest level of the sugar substitute erythritol in their blood were shown to have twice the risk for stroke, blood clot or death compared with those with the lowest level.

一项新的研究表明，一种经常被添加到减肥食品，尤其是生酮饮食中的天然甜味剂，可能实际上会导致动脉栓塞和中风。研究表明，血液中赤藓糖醇含量较多的人患中风、血栓或死亡的风险是含量较少的人的两倍。

Erythritol, considered a sugar alcohol, has no calories and is found naturally at low levels in some foods, including grapes, mushrooms, pears, watermelon, beer, cheese, sake, soy sauce and wine. The sugar substitute is added to many processed foods and beverages and is commonly found in products targeting people on the ketogenic diet because it does not affect blood glucose. Erythritol is also an ingredient in the sweetener Truvia.

赤藓糖醇，是一种糖醇，不含卡路里，在葡萄、蘑菇、梨、西瓜、啤酒、奶酪、清酒、酱油和葡萄酒等一些食物中天然少量含有这种物质。这种代糖产品被添加到许多加工食品和饮料中，而且在专为生酮饮食人群设计的产品中通常也能见到它的身影，因为它不会影响血糖。赤藓糖醇也是甜味剂Truvia的成分之一。

The body actually produces erythritol but at levels well below what's found with the added sweetener, according to research from Karsten Hiller, a biochemist and specialist in human metabolism at the Braunschweig Institute of Technology in Germany.

根据德国布伦瑞克理工学院的生物化学家和人体代谢专家卡斯滕·希勒的研究，人体实际上会产生赤藓糖醇，但含量远低于添加甜味剂时的水平。

Hazen initially set out to study the factors that lead people to have heart attacks and strokes even when they're treated for high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes and smoking cessation. Roughly half of treated people have this so-called residual cardiovascular risk. Erythritol was "at the very top of the list" of compounds that predicted subjects at highest risk for a bad outcome, he said. High blood levels of erythritol seemed to lower the threshold for triggering a clot.

大约一半接受治疗的人有这种所谓的残余心血管风险。他说，赤藓糖醇在预测发生不良后果风险较大的受试者的化合物中“名列前茅”。赤藓糖醇水平多似乎会降低引发血栓的较低线。

“The results of this study are contrary to decades of scientific research showing reduced-calorie sweeteners like erythritol are safe,” said Robert Rankin, executive director of the Calorie Control Council, an association representing the low- and reduced-calorie food and beverage industry. The people in the study were at increased risk for cardiovascular problems, Rankin said in a statement, so the results "should not be extrapolated to the general population."

“这项研究的结果与几十年来的科学研究相反，以前的研究表明，像赤藓糖醇这样的减卡甜味剂是安全的，”卡路里控制委员会(一个代表低卡和减卡食品和饮料行业的协会)的执行董事罗伯特·兰金说，该委员会是。兰金在一份声明中说，参与研究的人患心血管疾病的风险更大，因此研究结果“不应类推到普通人群”。

 

词汇:

1.ketogenic

英/ ˌkiːtəʊˈdʒenɪk /

adj.[生化] 生酮的;能转化为酮的

2.erythritol

英/ ɪˈrɪθrɪˌtɒl /美/ eˈrɪθrɪˌtoʊl /

n.赤藓糖醇

3.clot

英/ klɒt /美/ klɑːt /

n.凝块，黏团(尤指血块);(非正式)笨蛋，傻瓜

v.(使)凝结成块;覆以粘性物质

4.glucose

英/ ˈɡluːkəʊs /美/ ˈɡluːkoʊs /

n.葡萄糖;葡糖(等于 dextrose)

5.cessation

英/ seˈseɪʃn /美/ seˈseɪʃn /

n.停止，中断

6.residual

英/ rɪˈzɪdjuəl /美/ rɪˈzɪdʒuəl /

adj.残留的;(数量)剩余的;(物质状态在成因消失后)剩余的;(实验误差)舍去的;(土壤)残余的

n.(数量)剩余;残差;(付给表演者的)复播追加酬金;残丘，蚀余山;(新车购入一定时间后的)转售值

7.cardiovascular

英/ ˌkɑːdiəʊˈvæskjələ(r) /美/ ˌkɑːrdioʊˈvæskjələr /

adj.心血管的;心脏强化运动的

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