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      考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊4月:证据显示动物减少儿童过敏，供考生参考。

2024考研英语同源外刊4月:证据显示动物减少儿童过敏

The problem with a catchy name is that sometimes it catches on too well. Take the hygiene hypothesis, outlined in 1989 by David Strachan of St George’s, a hospital and medical school in London. It suggests that the rise of allergenic sensitivity observed in rich countries over the course of the 20th century may have been caused by a corresponding decline in childhood infections, and also by a shift from rural to urban living, so that children are no longer routinely exposed to farm animals.

一个朗朗上口的名字的问题在于，有时它太火(流行)了。以1989年由伦敦圣乔治医院和医学院的大卫·斯特拉坎提出的卫生假说为例。这表明，20世纪在富裕国家观察到的过敏敏感性的上升可能和儿童感染率的相应下降有关系，以及从农村生活向城市生活的转变，从而使儿童不再经常接触农场动物。

Dr Strachan’s work still has much to recommend it. What the catchy label has fostered, however, is an erroneous belief that cleanliness is not necessarily a health benefit. In reality, says Thomas Marrs, a paediatric allergist at Kings College, London, hygiene is usually about bugs causing infection—and the bugs that may be beneficial are different from those which do that. But it is plain to see why alternative descriptions, such as “the high turnover and diversity hypothesis” or “the microbial deprivation hypothesis”, have not caught on, more accurate though they may be.

斯特拉坎(Strachan)博士的工作仍有很多值得推荐的地方。然而，这个朗朗上口的标签助长了一种错误的信念，即清洁不一定对健康有益。伦敦国王学院的儿科过敏专科医生托马斯·马尔斯说，事实上，卫生通常是关于引起感染的细菌，而有益的细菌与造成感染的细菌是不同的。但显而易见的是，为什么“流动性和多样性假说”或“微生物剥夺假说”等替代描述没有流行起来，尽管它们可能更准确。

In an attempt to collect further data on the matter, Okabe Hisao of Fukushima Medical University and his colleagues have trawled through the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, which tracked over 100.000 pregnancies between 2011 and 2014. Pursuing the animal connection, they looked for correlations between household pet ownership before and immediately after a child’s birth, and any food allergies diagnosed in that child’s first three years. They have just published their results in Plos One.

为了收集有关此事的进一步数据，福岛医科大学的冈部久雄(Okabe Hisao)和他的同事们查阅了日本环境与儿童研究，该研究追踪了2011年至2014年间超过10万名孕妇的情况。为了研究动物之间的联系，他们研究了孩子出生前和出生后立即拥有家庭宠物与孩子头三年诊断出的任何食物过敏之间的相关性。他们刚刚在《公共科学图书馆·综合》(Plos One)上发表了他们的研究结果。

 

单词

allergy /ˈælərdʒi/ n. 过敏反应，过敏症;

catchy /ˈkætʃi/ adj.(曲调或口号)悦耳易记的;易使人上当的;

catch on 理解，明白;变得流行，流行起来;

hygiene /ˈhaɪdʒiːn/ n. 卫生;卫生学，保健学;

outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ vt. 概述，略述;勾勒，描画…的轮廓;

allergenic sensitivity 过敏敏感性;

corresponding /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndɪŋ/ adj. 相应的，相关的;

infection /ɪnˈfekʃ(ə)n/ n. 传染病;口腔病害;

rural to urban 从农村到城市;

routinely /ruːˈtiːnli/ adv. 例行公事地，常规地;惯常地，毫不意外地;

be exposed to 暴露;接触;面对;

foster /ˈfɑːstər/ vt. 促进，培养;领养，收养;

erroneous /ɪˈroʊniəs/ adj. 错误的，不正确的;

paediatric /ˌpiːdiˈætrɪk/ adj. [儿科] 儿科的;儿科学的;

      综上是“2024考研英语同源外刊4月:证据显示动物减少儿童过敏”，希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!

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