考研英语外刊阅读能力的提升，需要日积月累才能看得到效果。接下来，北京文都考研网为帮助2020考研学子，在英语水平上更上一层台阶，特意整理出考研英语外刊阅读精选:抛掉硬币，供考生参考。
2020考研英语外刊阅读精选:抛掉硬币
On July 27th, outside Brooklyn's hipper-than-thou Smorgasburg street-food market, a dozen hungry visitors stand idle amid the barbecue fumes.
上月27日，在纽约布鲁克林时尚的斯摩格斯堡( Smorgasburg )小吃集市外，十几个饥肠辘辘的游客在烧烤的烟雾中百无聊赖地排着队。
Rather than queuing for food, they are waiting at a cash machine. Yet inside the market, vendors are trying to wean their customers off cash. Gourmets who use Apple Pay, a mobile-payment service, receive hefty discounts on their purchases.
他们不是在等着买吃的，而是等着到取款机上取钱。而在集市里，商贩们正试图让顾客不再依赖现金。吃货们在购物时如果使用移动支付服务Apple Pay，可以享受很大的优惠。
Apple pays us the difference," one trader explains. Most transactions around the world are still conducted in cash. However,its share is falling rapidly, from 89% in 2013 to 77% today.
“苹果会补给我们差价。”一名商贩解释说。世界各地的大部分交易仍在使用现金，但所占份额正在迅速下降，从2013年的89%下降到了如今的77%。
Despite the attention paid to mobile banking in emerging markets, it is rich countries,with high financial inclusion and small informal economies, that have led the trend.
尽管新兴市场也在关注移动银行业务，但引领这一趋势的还是金融普及程度高、非正规经济规模小的富裕国家。
Within the rich world, more-digitised societies tend to make fewer cash payments. In Nordic countries like Norway and Denmark, where 97% of people use the internet, around four out of five transactions were already cashless by 2016, according to a recent reviewchaired by Huw van Steenis of the Bank of England .
在富裕世界中，数字化程度更高的社会往往更少使用现金支付。英国央行的休.范斯滕尼斯,(HuwvanSteenis)近期主导撰写的一项报告显示， 在互联网普及率达97%的挪威、丹麦等北欧国家，在2016年约80%的交易已经是无现金交易。
In contrast, internet penetration in Italy is just 61%, and 85% of transactions there were still handled in cash in 2016. Beyond this broad pattern, decisions by both individual firms and governments have large effects. At the company level, installing in frastructure for contactless payments bears fast fruit.
相比之下，意大利的互联网渗透率只有61%，2016年那里85%的交易仍是现金交易。除了这一总体模式外，企业和政府的决策也都起到了很大的作用。从企业层面看，安装非接触式支付的基础设施带来了立竿见影的效果。
AT Kearney,a consultancy, finds that in rich countries the number of transactions per card has risen by 20-30% within three years of contactless technology becoming widespread.
咨询公司科尔尼: ( AT Kearney) 发现，在非接触式技术普及的三年内，富裕国家每张银行卡的交易次数增加了20%到30%。
Banks can accelerate the process by building fast, low-cost systems that enable direct transfers between accounts,such as iDEAL in the Netherlands or Swish in Sweden.
银行可以建立快速、低成本的系统来实现账户之间的直接转账，从而加快这一进程。荷兰的iDEAL或者瑞典的Swish等系统就属于此类。
America has ditched ban, knotes faster than its modest 75% internet-penetration rate would suggest because it is the domestic market of many large firms promoting digitisation, such as card networks (Visa, MasterCard), tech giants (Apple,Google) and payment apps (PayPal,Venmo).
美国75%的互联网普及率不算太高，相比之下它去现金化的速度显得更快，这是因为美国是许多推动数字化的大公司的本土市场，比如Visa、万事达等银行卡网络，苹果、谷歌等科技巨头，以及PayPal、Venmo等支付应用。
Public policy also makes a difference.Some cities, such as London and Am-sterdam, have banned on-board cash payments on public buses.
公共政策也起了一定作用。伦敦、阿姆斯特丹等城市已经禁止在公共汽车上使用现金支付。
Estonia-the birthplace of Skype, an internet-telephony app-has been a leaderin digitising public services, such as filing taxes and voting. Its residents are comfortable using new technology and sharing data and often snub cash.
互联网通讯应用Skype的诞生地爱沙尼亚是公共服务数字化. (如报税和投票等)方面的先驱。该国居民乐于使用新技术和共享数据，通常都不爱用现金。
Japan, in contrast, uses more cash than its internet usage would indicate.Historically, it had a sleepy credit-card monopoly entrenched by regulation,which discouraged foreign firms from investing.
相反，日本的现金使用量与其互联网普及率相比则显得有些多。过去日本的监管阻碍了外国公司的投资，使信用卡业陷于垄断了无生气。
So far, cash has proved stubbornly diffcult to stamp out completely.Even in Sweden, a front-runner, onein four transactions involves it. But a tipping-point may loom.
到目前为止，事实证明很难完全摈弃现金。即使是在非现金交易方面领跑的瑞典，也还有25%的交易涉及现金。但是可能很快就会迎来转折点。
Handling cash is expensive. Studies estimateits overall cost to society at 0.5% of GDP. As more payments become digital, this burden will fall on ever fewer stores, shoppers and banks.If cash-withdrawal fees rise to $1o atime, even technophobes and older shoppers may start paying for those truffle fries with their phones
处理现金的成本很高。研究估计它给社会带来的总成本为GDP的0.5%。随着数字化支付日益普及，承受这一负担的商店、购物者和银行也将越来越少。如果提现费用涨到每次10美元，即使是技术恐惧者和年长者可能也会开始用手机买松露薯条了。
以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研英语外刊阅读精选:抛掉硬币”，希望对2020考研者有所帮助!祝2020考研成功!
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