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       2020考研英语阅读水平想要提升较快，并不容易!需要2020考研者每天有良好的英语阅读习惯，久而久之慢慢进步!接下来，北京文都考研网为助力学子们备考英语阅读，特意整理了考研英语阅读双语经济学人:俄罗斯的垃圾革命，供考生参考。

2020考研英语阅读双语经济学人:俄罗斯的垃圾革命

Heaps of plastic bottles and containers fill bins reaching towards the ceiling in a warehouse on Moscow’s southern outskirts. At weekends hundreds of people line up to offload carefully sorted rubbish at Sobirator, a non-profit centre, one of a handful of recycling sites in the Russian capital.

在莫斯科南郊的一个仓库里，塞满了塑料瓶和塑料盒的箱子一直被堆至天花板。周末，成百上千人排着长队在索比拉托尔(一家非营利性的垃圾回收中心，俄罗斯首都为数不多的几个垃圾回收站之一)卸下精心分类的垃圾。

“For more than 20 years, trash didn’t worry anyone,” says Valeria Korosteleva, Sobirator’s head. “We have a lot of territory, so everything went straight to the dump.”

索比拉托尔的负责人瓦莱里娅·科奥斯特洛娃说：“20多年来，人们从未对垃圾问题感到担忧，我们有很大的国土面积，所有垃圾都被直接倾倒在垃圾场里。”

That may be about to change. Last week Moscow city authorities announced a plan to introduce recycling bins in courtyards across the city by the end of the year.

情况可能要有所改变了。上周，莫斯科市政府宣布了一项计划，计划在今年年底前在全市所有的小区里放置垃圾回收箱。

For Russia this would amount to a minor revolution: while EU member states recover an average of 60% of their waste, Russia recycles just 4%, a World Bank study found in 2012. That means that landfill has taken up the slack. Such dumps cover some 4m hectares in Russia, an area roughly the size of Switzerland.

对于俄罗斯来说，这将是一场小革命：世界银行在2012年做的一项研究发现，欧盟成员国的平均垃圾回收率为60%，而俄罗斯仅为4%。这意味着大量的垃圾都进了垃圾填埋场。在俄罗斯，像这样的垃圾场共占地约400万公顷，面积大致相当于瑞士的国土面积。

Yet Moscow’s leaders have hardly undergone a green awakening. Instead, rubbish has become a political hot potato. Landfill sites around the capital are full; Moscow plans to ship its rubbish to the provinces. Residents of those regions have, unsurprisingly, balked at being treated as Moscow’s bin. “It’s about dignity,” says Elena Kalinina, an activist.

然而，莫斯科的领导人几乎从没有过环保意识。垃圾问题反而成为了政治上的一块烫手山芋。首都周边的垃圾填埋场已不堪重负，于是莫斯科计划将垃圾运往各省。不出所料，各地居民都不愿成为莫斯科的垃圾箱。抗议者埃琳娜·卡利尼娜说：“这关乎尊严问题。”

The fiercest resistance has come from Ms Kalinina’s home region of Arkhangelsk. Protests have been bubbling there since late last year, drawing thousands. Activists have built a tent camp at the planned landfill site in Shiyes.

卡利尼娜的家乡阿尔汉格尔斯克的抵抗最为激烈。自去年年底以来，当地的抗议活动不断升级，吸引了数千人加入抗争。抗议者在计划建设垃圾填埋场的西耶斯搭起了帐篷营地。

“The Russian North is Not a Dump,” they chant. Local authorities have detained dozens of them. Activists now demand not only an end to landfill construction but also the resignation of the local governor. On June 25th Russia’s Supreme Court blocked activists’ attempt to force a referendum on the issue.

他们高呼：“俄罗斯北部不该成为垃圾场。” 当地政府已经拘留了数十人。抗议者现在不仅要求停止垃圾填埋场的建设，而且还要求地方长官引咎辞职。6月25日，抗议者试图就该问题发起公投，但遭到了俄罗斯最高法院的阻止。

If there is a silver lining to the garbage, this is it. Just as ecology became an outlet for civic activism in the late Soviet era, so too have today’s rubbish problems. Moscow’s junk, in short, may be civil society’s treasure.

如果说解决垃圾问题还有希望的话，那就是它了。正如苏联时代晚期，公民行动成为生态问题的解决出路一样，今天的垃圾问题也是如此。总之，莫斯科的垃圾也许会成为公民社会的财富。

 

【重难点词汇】

container [kən'tenɚ] n. 集装箱;容器

landfill ['lænd'fɪl] n. 垃圾填埋地;垃圾堆

balk [bɔk] v. 畏缩不前，犹豫;突然止步;做假动作，佯投;阻止;错过，拒绝 n. 障碍;梁木，粗枋;梗

referendum [,rɛfə'rɛndəm] n. 公民投票;外交官请示书

treasure ['trɛʒɚ] n. 财富，财产;财宝;珍品 vt. 珍爱;珍藏

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