考研英语阅读理解中的文章，很多来自一些外刊杂志方面的题材。接下来，北京文都考研网为扩宽2020考研学子的知识面，整理了考研英语经济学人外刊:一家公司养活一个国家，供考生参考。
2020考研英语经济学人外刊:一家公司养活一个国家
Saudi Aramco made a $111bn profit in 2018
沙特阿美2018年的净利润达1110亿美元
A look inside its books also reveals constraints on Saudi Arabia’s oil colossus
招股书还揭露了沙特石油巨头所受的限制
For years investors dreamed of peering into the books of Saudi Aramco, the oil colossus wholly owned by Saudi Arabia. On April 1st they got their wish.
多年来，投资者一直梦想着有朝一日能一览沙特阿美(一家由沙特阿拉伯全资持有的石油巨头)的账目。4月1日，他们终于如愿以偿了。
A 469-page bond prospectus revealed $111bn in net income last year, more than the five oil majors—Royal Dutch Shell, ExxonMobil, Chevron, Total and BP—managed combined. The document also highlighted Aramco’s constraints.
一份长达469页的债券招股说明书显示，这家公司去年的净利润达到了1110亿美元，超过了其他五大石油巨头(荷兰皇家壳牌、埃克森美孚、雪佛龙、道达尔以及英国石油公司)净利润的总和。但该招股书也突出了沙特阿美所受的限制。
Like rivals, it faces swinging oil prices and uncertain long-term demand. The bond will help finance the acquisition of 70% of SABIC, a petrochemical company, from the kingdom’s sovereign wealth fund, for $69bn.
与竞争对手一样，沙特阿美也面临着油价波动和长期需求不确定的问题。债券招股将为沙特主权财富基金提供资金去收购沙特基础工业公司(一家石油化工公司)70%的股份(价值690亿美元)。
This will diversify Aramco’s revenues—and give the state cash to invest in sectors beyond oil (especially now that a planned listing of 5% of Aramco’s shares has been postponed).
此举将使沙特阿美的收入来源变得多元化，并为沙特政府投资石油以外的行业提供资金(特别是在如今沙特阿美5%股份上市计划推迟的情况下)。
Aramco looks better prepared than rivals for a less fossil-hungry future. It is less indebted and produces roughly four times as much oil, at about one-third the cost per barrel (see chart). Yet Aramco also bears an unusual burden.
面对全球对化石燃料依赖性降低的趋势，沙特阿美看起来做了比竞争对手更充分的准备。其负债更少，原油产量是竞争对手的近四倍，而每桶原油的成本仅为竞争对手的三分之一左右。然而，沙特阿美还担负着一个非同寻常的担子。
In 2018 it paid Saudi income tax of $102bn, more than the combined profits of Apple and Samsung, the world’s most profitable listed firms. That is on top of royalties of $56bn and a dividend of $58bn.
2018年，它向沙特政府缴纳了1020亿美元的所得税，超过了全球盈利能力最强的上市公司苹果和三星的利润总和。这还没算560亿美元的版税和580亿的股息。
Credit raters at Fitch note that taxes limit Aramco’s funds flow from operations, a measure of profitability, to $26 a barrel, less than Shell’s $38 or Total’s $31. Ghawar, a giant field, was believed by some to pump 5m barrels a day, but only manages 3.8m.
信用评级机构惠誉指出，高昂的税收导致沙特阿美的运营资金(衡量公司盈利能力的指标)仅为每桶26美元，低于壳牌的38美元和道达尔的31美元。另外，人们一直认为巨型油田加瓦尔油田日产原油500万桶，但实际产量仅为380万桶。
Fitch and Moody’s, another agency, rated Aramco A+ and A1, respectively—below ExxonMobil, Shell or Total.
惠誉和穆迪(另一家评级机构)对沙特阿美的评级分别为A+和A1，都低于两家公司对埃克森美孚、壳牌和道达尔的评级。
[重难点词汇]
colossus [kə'lɑsəs] n. 巨像;巨人;巨大的东西
prospectus [prə'spɛktəs] n. 内容说明书;样张;创办计划书;学校的入学简介
postpone [po'spon] vt. 使…延期;把…放在次要地位;把…放在后面 vi. 延缓，延迟;延缓发作
respectively [rɪ'spɛktɪvli] adv. 分别地;各自地，独自地
以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研英语经济学人外刊:一家公司养活一个国家”，希望对备考2020考研英语的考生有所帮助!祝2020考研顺利!
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