考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊9月:数值天气预报，供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊9月:数值天气预报
Research from the World Bank and others puts the benefits of numerical weather prediction (NWP) at $162bn a year. Its success can be attested to by any modern farmer or military commander. It can also be felt in the fabric of everyday life. No smartphone lacks icons redolent of sun, rain, wind or cloud. Deciding to leave an umbrella at home on a forecaster’s advice is no longer necessarily a triumph of hope over experience.
根据世界银行和其他机构的研究，数值天气预报每年带来1620亿美元的收益。当今任何一个农民或军事指挥官都能证实它的成效。日常生活的方方面面也能感受到它的存在。所有智能手机都少不了代表太阳、雨、风或云的图标。人们根据天气预报决定出门不带伞也更有把握了。
The application of machine learning and other forms of artificial intelligence (AI) will improve things further. The supercomputers used for NWP calculate the next days’ weather on the basis of current conditions, the laws of physics and various rules of thumb; doing so at a high resolution eats up calculations by the trillion with ridiculous ease. Now machine-learning systems trained simply on past weather data can more or less match their forecasts, at least in some respects. If advances in AI elsewhere are any guide, that is only the beginning.
随着机器学习和其他形式的人工智能的应用，天气预报还会更加完善。用于数值天气预报的超级计算机根据当前的天气情况、物理定律以及各种经验法则计算未来几天的天气;这种分辨率计算随随便便就能消耗万亿级的算力。而现在，仅仅用历史天气数据来训练的机器学习系统差不多已能媲美计算机的预报，至少在某些方面是这样。如果AI在其他领域的进步有什么参考意义的话，那么它在预报天气上的能力也才初露端倪。
Three things need to be done to make the most of the possibilities. One is to ensure that healthy competition does not erode basic infrastructure. The mostly governmental outfits that dominate NWP put a great deal of effort into assimilating observations from around the world into the consistent representations of the weather their models need. The costs of this can be defrayed by selling high-value forecasts into specialist markets.
要充分利用这些潜力，需要做三件事。一是确保良性竞争不会损害基本框架。主导数值天气预报的大部分是政府机构，它们投入了大量精力整合来自世界各地的观测结果，从而把天气信息统一处理为它们的模型所需的形式。这些机构可以向专门市场出售一定价值的天气预报产品来收回成本。
The second thing to be done is to bring together AI and number-crunching to deal with climate change. At the moment it is not possible to run climate models at the resolution used for weather forecasting. New hardware being built for AI systems could help (Nvidia, a chipmaker, is interested). And AI could also be used to look for patterns in the projections such models produce, making them more informative, and as an interface that makes their insights more accessible to non-experts.
第二件事是将人工智能和数据处理结合起来，以应对气候变化。目前还不可能以天气预报的分辨率来运行气候模型。为AI系统打造的新硬件可能会有所帮助(芯片制造商英伟达对此有兴趣)。还可以用AI从这些模型所做的预测中寻找规律，使它们能够提供更多的有用信息，并作为一个桥梁，让非专业人士更容易利用它们的预测成果。
Before that becomes an issue, better access is needed in the here and now. In 2019 the Global Commission on Adaptation reported that 24 hours’ notice of a destructive weather event could cut damage by 30%, and that a $800m investment in early-warning systems for developing countries could prevent annual losses of $3bn-16bn. Accordingly, the World Meteorological Organisation has made “Early Warnings for All” by 2027 its priority. Its chief, Petteri Taalas, argues that, given three out of four of the world’s people have mobile phones, it is outrageous that only half their countries have systems to warn them of disaster.
要能更容易利用成果，首先人们要有更便捷的获取信息的渠道。2019年，全球适应委员会表示，如果能提前24小时预报破坏性天气事件，可以减少30%的损失;向发展中国家的预警系统投资八亿美元，每年可减少30亿至160亿美元的损失。因此，世界气象组织已经将2027年前实现“全民预警”作为其首要任务。
单词：
1.attest
英/ əˈtest /美/ əˈtest /
v.<正式>证明，表明;<正式>(尤指在法庭上)证实;<史，英>宣誓服兵役
2.commander
英/ kəˈmɑːndə(r) /美/ kəˈmændər /
n.指挥官，长官;海军中校;英国警官;骑士(或爵士)
3.fabric
英/ ˈfæbrɪk /美/ ˈfæbrɪk /
n.布料，织物;构造，结构;(汽车的)车身，(飞机的)机身
4.icon
英/ ˈaɪkɒn /美/ ˈaɪkɑːn /
n.图标;偶像，代表;画像，雕像;圣像(如基督、圣母玛利亚等);类象符号
5.redolent
英/ ˈredələnt /美/ ˈredələnt /
adj.使人想到，使人联想起;有……的强烈气味;芬芳的，香的
6.triumph
英/ ˈtraɪʌmf /美/ ˈtraɪʌmf /
n.巨大成功，重大胜利;(胜利或成功的)喜悦，狂喜;(成功的)典范，楷模;古罗马凯旋式
v.获胜，成功;(因胜利或成功而)欣喜，欢跃;(古罗马将军)凯旋而归
综上是“2024考研英语同源外刊9月:数值天气预报”，希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!
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