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      考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊:美国债务上限来临,有什么后果?供考生参考。

2024考研英语同源外刊:美国债务上限来临,有什么后果?

A unique rule in America’s fiscal system means that the world’s largest economy is about to run out of money. US lawmakers have been arguing over whether to raise or suspend the so-called “debt ceiling”, which determines how much money the US government can borrow. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has warned that if the continuing impasse between Republicans and Democrats is not broken, the administration will not have enough cash to pay its debts as early as June 1.

美国财政体系的一个独特规则意味着，这个世界较大的经济体即将耗尽资金。美国立法者一直在争论是否要改变或暂停所谓的“债务上限”，这决定了美国政府可以借多少钱。美国财政部长耶伦警告说，如果不能打破共和党和民主党之间持续的僵局，美国政府较早到6月1日就没有足够的现金来偿还债务。

Since 1917. the US has had a law that sets a statutory limit on the total amount of debt that the Government is allowed to have. The limit was first set at $11.5bn (£9.2bn). The ceiling is a little similar to the fiscal rules that the Chancellor sets himself in the UK, but it is set externally. “The key problem is that it is treated completely separately to the decisions on how much the government should spend and what level taxes should be,” says Hunter.

自1917年以来，美国就设立了一条法律，对政府可以借贷的债务总额设定了法律上限。这条限额起初设定为115亿美元(92亿英镑)。这个上限有点类似于财政大臣在英国自己制定的财政规则，但美国是由外部设定的。亨特说：“关键问题在于，债务上限与政府应开支多少、应征收多少税的决定是完全区分对待的。”

Congress passes new spending bills that will increase the debt level, but the debt ceiling is not raised until it is about to be breached. The figure was also set as a blanket cash figure, which does not automatically change to reflect factors such as population growth or inflation, acting as a kind of gastric band.

美国国会通过了新的支出法案，将改变债务水平，但债务上限只有在即将被破时才会变。这一数字还被设定为“一揽子现金”，它不会根据人口增长或通货膨胀等因素自动变化，起到了类似“束胃带”的作用。

The debt ceiling can be raised again, but only if it can be voted through the House of Representatives, which has a Republican majority. When the ruling party does not have a majority in the House – as is the case with the current administration – there is no guarantee that an agreement will be met.

如果执政党在众议院不占多数——就像现任政府那样——就不能保证达成协议。

The Republicans are trying to use the deadline to pressure President Joe Biden to agree to spending cuts. On April 26. the House approved a bill to raise the debt limit by $1.5 trillion, but only on the condition that spending would be cut to 2022 levels and then capped at 1pc growth per year. It is not expected to not pass through the Senate, which has a Democrat majority. There is a political stalemate, which means the future of the American economy is in purgatory. If an agreement cannot be reached quickly, there may be explosive results.

共和党人正试图向乔·拜登总统施压，要求他同意削减开支。4月26日，众议院通过了一项法案，将债务上限到1.5万亿美元，但前提是支出将削减到2022年的水平，并将每年增长率限制在1%。预计该法案不会在民主党占多数的参议院中得不到通过。政治陷入僵局，这意味着美国经济的未来将处于炼狱之中。如果不能迅速达成协议，可能会产生爆炸性结果。

 

词汇:

1.gastric

英/ ˈɡæstrɪk /美/ ˈɡæstrɪk /

adj.胃的;胃部的

2.automatical

英/ ɔːtəˈmætɪkl /美/ ˈɔtəˈmætɪkl /

adj.自动的

3.cap

英/ kæp /美/ kæp /

n.帽子;(对物件起保护作用的)罩，盖，套;限额;国家队队员

v.覆盖;限额收取(或支出);选入国家队;给(牙齿)上牙套;胜过，超过;脱帽致意

4.purgatory

英/ ˈpɜːɡət(ə)ri /美/ ˈpɜːrɡətɔːri /

n.炼狱;涤罪;暂时的苦难

adj.涤罪的(等于 purgative)

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