北京分校

考试资讯

      考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊5月:可怕,微塑料已侵入人类大脑，供考生参考。

2024考研英语同源外刊5月:可怕,微塑料已侵入人类大脑

Researchers at the University of Vienna have discovered particles of plastic in mice’s brains just two hours after the mice ingested drinking water containing plastic. Once in the brain, “Plastic particles could increase the risk of inflammation, neurological disorders or even neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s,” Lukas Kenner, one of the researchers, said in a statement, although more research is needed to determine the relationship between plastics and these brain disorders.

维也纳大学的研究人员发现，在老鼠饮用含塑料的饮用水两小时后，老鼠的大脑中出现了塑料颗粒。研究者之一的卢卡斯·肯纳在一份声明中表示，塑料颗粒一旦进入大脑，“就可能会增加炎症、神经系统疾病甚至阿尔茨海默氏症或帕金森等神经退行性疾病的风险。”不过，还需要更多的研究确定塑料颗粒和这些大脑疾病之间的关系。

In addition to potentially severe degenerative consequences, the researchers also believe that microplastic contamination in our brains can cause short-term health effects such as cognitive impairment, neurotoxicity and altered neurotransmitter levels, which can contribute to behavioral changes.

除了潜在的严重的大脑退行性病变之外，研究人员还认为，大脑中的微塑料污染会对健康造成短期影响，如认知障碍、神经毒性和神经递质水平改变，这些都会导致行为变化。

While the Vienna study focused on the effects of plastics consumed in drinking water, that’s not the only way humans ingest plastic. A 2022 Chinese study concentrated on how nasally inhaled plastics affect the brain, with researchers reporting “an obvious neurotoxicity of the nanoplastics could be observed”. In basic terms, the inhaled plastics lead to reduced functioning of certain brain enzymes that also malfunction in the brains of patients with Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s.

虽然维也纳的这项研究关注的重点放在了摄入含塑料的饮用水的影响上，但这并不是人类摄入塑料的仅有方式。2022年中国的一项研究重点研究了鼻腔吸入塑料对大脑的影响，研究人员表示，“可以观察到纳米塑料具有明显的神经毒性”。简而言之，吸入的塑料会导致某些脑酶的功能降低，而在帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病患者的大脑也存在脑酶功能障碍的情况。

None of this is encouraging news – especially in light of the fact that plastic production is still accelerating. Yet, improving our understanding of plastic’s implications for human health is a crucial step towards banning plastic – a move 75% of people globally support. Encouragingly, more than 100 countries have a full or partial ban on single-use plastic bags, and policymakers in some countries are thinking about plastics more in terms of their costly externalities, including pollution and effects on health. Yet global plastics regulation is still vastly out of step with both scientific and public opinion.

这些都不是什么令人振奋的好消息——尤其鉴于塑料还在加速生产这件事。然而，增加我们关于塑料对人类健康影响的理解是通往禁用塑料的关键步骤——全球75%的人支持这一目标。好消息是，全球有100多个国家已完全或部分禁止使用一次性塑料袋，一些国家的政策制定者更多地从塑料外部性角度考虑污染问题和对健康的影响。然而，全球塑料法规的发展仍然大幅落后于科学和公共舆论。

In 2021. the Canadian government formally classified plastics as toxic under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act. The move means that the government has more control over the manufacture and use of plastics, limiting the kinds of exposure that threaten health. In response, plastic producers including Imperial Oil, Dow Chemical and Nova Chemicals formed a coalition to try to crush these regulations.More countries must designate plastics as toxic and increase its regulation, doubling down on the message that when plastic affects our health – even going so far as to alter our brain function – it infringes on our human rights.

2021年，加拿大政府根据《加拿大环境保护法》正式将塑料归类为有毒物质。这一举措意味着政府对塑料的制造和使用有更多的控制，限制了接触后会对健康造成威胁的塑料种类。包括帝国石油公司、陶氏化学公司和诺瓦化学公司在内的塑料生产商因此组成了一个联盟，试图取消这些规定。

 

词汇：

1.inflammation

英/ ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n /美/ ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃn /

n.发炎，炎症

2.degenerative

英/ dɪˈdʒenərətɪv /美/ dɪˈdʒenərətɪv /

adj.(疾病)恶化的，变性的;退化的，变坏的

3.nasal

英/ ˈneɪz(ə)l /美/ ˈneɪz(ə)l /

adj.鼻的;(嗓音，话语)带鼻音的;(语音)鼻音的

n.鼻音;<史>(头盔上的)护鼻

4.enzyme

英/ ˈenzaɪm /美/ ˈenzaɪm /

n.酶

5.externalities

n.外部性;外部效应

      综上是“2024考研英语同源外刊5月:可怕,微塑料已侵入人类大脑”，希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!

推荐阅读：

2024考研英语同源外刊5月文章汇总

2024考研英语同源外刊4月文章汇总

2024考研英语同源外刊3月文章汇总