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      考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊:睡美人问题,让数学家睡不着觉，供考生参考。

2024考研英语同源外刊:睡美人问题,让数学家睡不着觉

Usually, there are clear answers in mathematics—especially if the tasks are not too complicated. But when it comes to the Sleeping Beauty problem, which became popular in 2000. there is still no universal consensus. Experts in philosophy and mathematics split into two camps and ceaselessly cite—often quite convincingly—arguments for their respective side. More than 100 technical publications exist on this puzzle, and almost every person who hears about the Sleeping Beauty thought experiment develops their own strong opinion.

通常，数学中都有明确的答案——尤其是在任务不是太复杂的情况下。但是，对于2000年开始流行的“睡美人”问题，人们仍然没有达成普遍共识。哲学和数学方面的人士分裂成两个阵营，不断地为各自的观点引证——往往相当有说服力。关于这个谜题的技术出版物有100多种，几乎每个听说过睡美人思维实验的人都有自己有力的观点。

The problem vexing the minds of experts is as follows: Sleeping Beauty agrees to participate in an experiment. On Sunday she is given a sleeping pill and falls asleep. One of the experimenters then tosses a coin. If “heads” comes up, the scientists awaken Sleeping Beauty on Monday. Afterward, they administer another sleeping pill. If “tails” comes up, they wake Sleeping Beauty up on Monday, put her back to sleep and wake her up again on Tuesday. Then they give her another sleeping pill. In both cases, they wake her up again on Wednesday, and the experiment ends.

困扰研究者们的问题是这样的：睡美人同意参加一项实验。星期天，医生给她吃了一片安眠药，她就睡着了。然后其中一名实验者抛硬币。如果“正面”出现，科学家们将在周一唤醒睡美人。之后，他们给睡美人服用另一颗安眠药。如果出现“反面”，他们会在周一叫醒睡美人，让她继续睡觉，周二再叫醒她。然后他们给她另一颗安眠药。在这两种情况下，他们在周三再次叫醒她，实验结束。

The important thing here is that because of the sleeping drug, Sleeping Beauty has no memory of whether she was woken up before. So when she wakes up, she cannot distinguish whether it is Monday or Tuesday. The experimenters do not tell Sleeping Beauty either the outcome of the coin toss nor the day. They ask her one question after each time she awakens, however: What is the probability that the coin shows heads?

重要的是，由于服用了安眠药，睡美人不记得自己之前是否被叫醒过。所以当她醒来时，她分不清今天是星期一还是星期二。实验人员既没有告诉睡美人抛硬币的结果，也没有告诉她是哪一天。然而，每次她醒来后，他们都会问她一个问题：硬币正面朝上的概率是多少?

 

单词：

mathematician/ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃn/ n. 数学家;

awake/əˈweɪk/ adj. 醒着的(尤指入睡前或刚醒时);

complicated/ˈkɑːmplɪkeɪtɪd/ adj. 复杂的，难处理的;

when it comes to 当提到…;

universal/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrs(ə)l/ adj. 普遍的，全体的，全世界的;通用的，万能的;

consensus/kənˈsensəs/ n. 一致看法，共识;

split into 分开，使分开(成为几个部分);

ceaselessly/ˈsiːsləsli/ adv. 不停地;

camp/kæmp/ n. 营地;兵营，军营;度假营;阵营，集团;

convincingly /kənˈvɪnsɪŋli/ adv. 令人信服地;有说服力地;

respective/rɪˈspektɪv/adj. 分别的;各自的;

puzzle/ˈpʌz(ə)l/ n. 令人费解的人(或事物)，难题;

vex/veks/ vt. 使恼火;使烦恼;使忧虑;

as follows 如下;

      综上是“2024考研英语同源外刊:睡美人问题,让数学家睡不着觉”，希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!

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