考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊5月:中国将主导电池产业未来?供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊5月:中国将主导电池产业未来?
Across the Xiang River, vast factories mix minerals into the highly processed compounds that make rechargeable batteries possible. These batteries, mostly made of lithium, have powered the rise of cellphones and other consumer electronics. They are transforming the auto industry and could soon start doing the same for solar panels and wind turbines crucial in the fight against climate change. China dominates their chemical refining and production.
在湘江对岸，大型工厂将矿物质混入加工的化合物中，成为制造充电电池的原料。这种主要由锂制成的充电电池推动了手机和其他消费电子产品的兴起。它们给汽车行业带来巨变，并可能很快为太阳能电池板和风力涡轮机产业带来同样的变革，这些产业对于应对气候变化至关重要。中国主导了这种电池的精炼和生产。
Now China is positioning itself to command the next big innovation in rechargeable batteries: replacing lithium with sodium, a far cheaper and more abundant material. Sodium, found all over the world as part of salt, sells for 1 to 3 percent of the price of lithium and is chemically very similar. Recent breakthroughs mean that sodium batteries can now be recharged daily for years, chipping away at a key advantage of lithium batteries. The energy capacity of sodium batteries has also increased. And sodium batteries come with a big advantage: They keep almost all of their charge when temperatures fall far below freezing, something lithium batteries typically do not do.
钠属于盐的一部分，它随处可见，价格只有锂的1%到3%，但二者的化学性质非常接近。近来取得的进步意味着钠电池如今可以实现长期频繁充电，这削弱了锂电池的一个关键优势。钠电池的容量也有所改善。而且钠电池还有一个很大的特点：当温度远低于冰点，它还可以保持几乎所有电量，这是锂电池通常无法做到的。
Chinese battery executives said in interviews that they have figured out in the past year how to make sodium battery cells so similar to lithium ones that they can be made with the same equipment. Chinese giant CATL, the world’s largest manufacturer of electric car batteries, says it has discovered a way to use sodium cells and lithium cells in a single electric car’s battery pack, combining the low cost and weather resistance of sodium cells with the extended range of lithium cells. The company says it is now prepared to mass produce these mixed battery packs.
中国电池行业管理者在接受采访时表示，过去一年，他们已经研究出如何制造非常接近于锂电池的钠电池，甚至可以用同样的设备来制造。作为全球较大电动汽车电池制造商，中国巨头企业宁德时代声称，已经研究出办法，能将钠电池的低成本和耐候性与锂电池的续航能力相结合，在电动汽车单个电池组中钠锂混用。该公司表示，现已准备大规模投产这种混合电池组。
Research into using sodium for batteries began in earnest in the 1970s, led then by the United States. Japanese researchers made crucial advances a dozen years ago. Chinese companies have since taken the lead in commercializing the technology. Out of 20 sodium battery factories now planned or already under construction around the world, 16 are in China, according to Benchmark Minerals, a consulting firm. In two years, China will have nearly 95 percent of the world’s capacity to make sodium batteries. Lithium battery production will still dwarf sodium battery output at that point, Benchmark predicts, but advances in sodium are accelerating.
将钠用于电池的研究始于上世纪70年代，当时的领导者是美国。十几年前，日本研究人员取得了重大进展。自那之后，中国企业率先将这项技术商业化。根据咨询公司基准矿业的数据，全球目前已规划或已建设的20家钠电池工厂中，16家都在中国。未来两年，中国的钠电池产能将占到全球近95%。
The most immediately promising use for sodium batteries is for electric grids, the networks of wires and towers that transmit electricity. Batteries for grids are a fast-growing market, especially in China. Tesla said this week that it would build a factory in Shanghai to make lithium batteries for energy providers.
钠电池目前较具直接前景的用途是电网，即由输电电线和电塔构成的网络。电网级电池的市场增长迅猛，尤其在中国。特斯拉本周表示，将在上海建厂，为能源供应商生产锂电池。
词汇：
1.lithium
英/ ˈlɪθiəm /美/ ˈlɪθiəm /
n.锂(符号 Li)
2.grid
英/ ɡrɪd /美/ ɡrɪd /
n.网格，方格;栅栏;输电网，电力网;赛车起跑线;美式橄榄球球场，橄榄球赛;(控制)栅极;计算机联网
v.使……构成网格状，布置成网格结构
3.sodium
英 [ˈsəʊdiəm] 美 [ˈsoʊdiəm]
n. 钠(一种化学元素，符号为 Na)
adj. (发出橙色强光的)钠光的
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