考研英语外刊阅读能力的提升，需要日积月累才能看得到效果。接下来，北京文都考研网为帮助2020考研学子，在英语水平上更上一层台阶，特意整理出考研英语外刊阅读精选:无人机成新威胁(上) ，供考生参考。
2020考研英语外刊阅读精选:无人机成新威胁(上)
Last fourth of july,as fireworks burst across the night sky near the Lieber Correctional Institution in Ridgeville, S.C., convicted kidnapper Jimmy Causey tucked a lifelike dummy into his bed, sneaked out of his prison cell and completed a daring escape.
去年7月4日(美国国庆日)，趁着烟花在夜空中绽放之际， 南卡罗来纳州里奇维尔的利伯惩教所附近，被判绑架罪的吉米·考西往床上塞了一个栩栩如生的假人，便偷偷溜出牢房，完成了一次大胆的越狱。
It wasn’t until three days later, when Texas Rangers found Causey holed up 1,200 miles away,that authorities offered an explanation for how he had obtained the equipment for the breakout, including a pair of wire cutters used to snip through four fences that encircle the maximum-security prison.
直到三天后，德州护林员在1200英里(约1930公里)之外发现了科西的藏身之处， 当局才对他获取越狱设备的方式做出解释， 他的设备中有一把钢丝钳，可用来剪断重刑监狱四周的四道围栏。
“We believe a drone was used to fly in the tools that allowed him to escape,” Bryan Stirling, director of the South Carolina Department of Corrections, told reporters at anews conference.
南卡罗来纳州惩教署署长布莱恩·斯特林在新闻发布会上告诉记者，“我们认为，有人用无人机给他递那些工具，他才得以逃脱。”
A lengthy investigation confirmed that an accessory role was played by a small, of-the-shelfdrone. And with that, law-enforcement and national-security officials added “prison breaks” to the potential ill-uses lurking in a technology widely available at retailers including Amazonand Walmart.
漫长的调查也证实，一架无需改装的小型无人机起到了辅助作用。于是，执法部门和国家安全官员将“越狱”纳入了亚马逊和沃尔玛就能轻松买到的这一科技产品的潜在弊端。
Unlike military drones that can cost more than $15 million and look like small airplanes, mini quadcopters can be obtained for a few hundred dollars—and their capabilities are excitingthe imaginations of bad guys.
与军用无人机不同的是，军用无人机价格高达1500万美元以上，体型跟小型飞机差不多， 而小巧的四轴无人机只需几百美元，其强大的性能也大大激发了心怀不轨之人的想象力。
Criminals have used drones to drop drugs into prisons. Mexican smugglers have flown them above the border to spy on the movement of patrolling federal officers.
罪犯用无人机往监狱投递毒品。墨西哥的走私犯在边境上空布置无人机，监视巡逻的联邦官员的行动。
ISIS used them to drop crude bombs on U.S. and allied forces in Iraq and Syria. It is the widespread availability of commercial drones that poses the largest threat.
ISIS利用无人机向美国及其在伊拉克和叙利亚的盟军投掷土炸弹。最大的威胁来自于商用无人机的获取门槛已经很低。
Almost everybody who uses a drone in the U.S.— and the Federal Aviation Administration has licensed more than a million operators—flies by the rules. But not everyone, and perhaps the major lesson of 9/11 was to look for threats from unexpected places, especially overhead.
美国使用无人机的人，FAA已经授权了100多万个使用者——几乎都有遵循使用规定。但也不是所有人，或许，“9·11事件”的主要教训就是留意来自意想不到的地方的威胁，尤其是来自头顶的威胁。
Yet on drones, the federal response has been largely haphazard and behind the curve. The Pentagon is working to develop and deploy technologies to defeat drones and intends to spend $401.2 million on counter-drone initiatives this fiscal year, according to a study by the Center for the Study of the Drone at Bard College.
然而，在无人机问题上，联邦政府的反应很大程度上都存在随意、滞后的问题。巴德学院无人机研究中心的一项研究显示，五角大楼正致力于研发和部署反无人机技术，计划在本财年投入4.012亿美元开展反无人机行动。
“We know that terrorists are using drones overseas to advance plots and attacks, and we’ve already seen criminals use them along and within our borders for illicit purposes,” Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen tells TIME.
国土安全部部长克尔斯蒂恩·尼尔森接受本刊采访时表示，“我们知道，恐怖分子正在海外操纵无人机大搞阴谋和破坏，我国的边境沿线及边境线以内也出现了将无人机用于非法用途的犯罪分子。
“We are working with Congress for the authorities needed to ensure we can better protect the American people against emerging drone threats.” ” Part of the problem is that our laws and regulations aren’t designed for this new kind of threat.
他说：“我们正在与国会合作，争取必要的权力，来确保我们能够更好地保护美国人民免受无人机的威胁。造成这一问题的部分原因是，我们的法律法规并不是针对这种新的威胁而制定的。
Current electronic-eaves dropping laws preclude government officials from disabling dronesmid-air with electromagnetic signals.
目前的电子窃听法禁止政府官员用电磁信号干扰半空中的无人机。
A bipartisan group of Senators has introduced a bill that would give the Trump Administration the power to electronically jam drones that get too close to federal facilities; it is expected to pass before the end of the year.
一个成员横跨参议院两党的小组提出了一项 允许特朗普政府对过于靠近联邦设施的无人机进行电子干扰的法案。 预计该法案将于年底前通过。
Agencies across government are now forbidden to identify and shoot down drones because of decades-old regulations that treat the robotic aircraft as if they were passengerjets.
政府的所有机构现在都被禁止识别并击落无人机，因为实施了数十年之久的法规一直给予了无人机与客机同等的待遇。
Officials say they’re in a race against time. “It’s not if these devices will be weaponized in the homeland but when,” an Administrationofficial told TIME.
官员们表示，他们正在与时间赛跑。一名政府官员接受本刊采访时表示，“问题不是这些设备是否会在美国被武器化，而是什么时候被武器化。
” A White House fact sheet put out in support of the new measures says criminals could “drop explosive payloads, deliver harmful substances and conduct reconnaissance” using quadcopters.
白宫发布了一份支持新措施的简报， 称犯罪分子可能用四轴无人机“投掷炸弹，运送有害物质或开展侦察工作”。
In November, authorities arrested a 55-year-old Sacramento man who flew a drone that dropped leaflets featuring a rant against television-news outlets inside Levi’s Stadium in Santa Clara, Calif., during an NFL game.
去年11月，当局就逮捕了一名55岁的萨克拉门托男子，因该男子在美国国家橄榄球联盟比赛期间操控无人机往加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉的李维斯体育场内空投怒骂电视新闻机构的传单。
No one was harmed, but officials with DHS and outside analysts took it as a warning: What if the drone’s payload were an explosive or a harmful chemical?
虽未造成人身伤害，但国土安全部官员和外部分析人士还是认为应该引以为戒： 如果无人机装载的是爆炸物或有害化学物质情况又会如何?
He was cited for flying the drone in prohibited airspace, a misdemeanor.One reason the U.S. government fears drone warfare is that it knows the power of remotely controlled air power.
该男子被控在禁飞区飞行无人机，并被处以轻罪。美国政府之所以担心无人机战，部分原因在于他们深知远程控制空中力量的威力。
Since 2001, the CIA and Air Force have deployed the multimillion-dollar fixed wing MQ-1Predator and MQ-9 Reaper drones, which are the size of small fighter jets and can deliver Hellfire missiles and 500-lb. bombs.
自2001年以来，中央情报局和空军部门已经部署了价值数百万美元的固定翼“MQ-1捕食者”和“MQ-9收割者”等 小型战斗机大小，可以发射地狱火导弹和500磅炸弹的无人机。
These drones, mostly operated remotely from Nevada, have killed thousands of militants acrossthe Middle East and the Horn of Africa. They have also been responsible for 751 to 1,555 civilian deaths, according to the London-based Bureau of Investigative Journalism, which tracks drone-strikedata.
据总部位于伦敦，追踪无人机袭击数据的调查新闻局透露，大多在内华达州远程操作的这些无人机 已经在中东和非洲之角消灭了数千名武装分子，也造成了751~1555名平民死亡。
The Obama Administration struggled to balance the strategic advantages of drones with thehumanitarian costs. Over years of internal debate and external pressure, it developed a legal and policy framework underlying the controversial practice of targeted killing with drones.
奥巴马政府曾为平衡无人机的战略优势和人道主义成本问题付出了艰辛的努力经过多年的内部争论和外部压力，该政府还是制定了为无人机定点杀伤这一备受争议的做法提供依据的法律和政策框架。
Critics, like the American Civil Liberties Union, said the extra judicial system enabled a sittingPresident to be “judge, jury and executioner.” The Trump Administration has continued operating under the Obama rules.
美国公民自由联盟等批评人士表示，上述法外制度使现任总统能够同时“担任法官、陪审团和刽子手”。特朗普政府继续奉行着奥巴马时代的规则。
It has loosened constraints on who can be targeted on the basis of the threat they pose. Most of the danger from the commercial drone boom here at home has been in the categoryof nuisance offenses.
在因构成威胁而判定某人为针对目标时也放松了限制条件。国内商用无人机的繁荣带来的危险大多都仅限于妨害罪。
Under current law, hobbyists and commercial users must keep unmanned aircraft below 400ft. and avoid flying within five miles of an airport to avoid endangering commercial aircraft.
现行法律规定，无人机爱好者和商业用户必须将无人机的飞行高度控制在400英尺(约122米)以内， 同时避免在距离机场五英里(约8公里)的范围内飞行，以免危及商用飞机。
Even small drones could disable a passenger jet by getting sucked into and destroying a jet’sengine. Still, recreational drone users often ignore the law.
即使是小型无人机也可能被吸入继而摧毁客机引擎，导致整个客机失控。不过，娱乐性无人机用户经常无视这些法律规定。
On Sept.30, 2017, alone, there were eight dangerous drone incidents, according to the FAA:
美国联邦航空局透露，仅2017年9月30日，就发生了8起危险的无人机事件：
an airline pilot reported spotting a drone at 4,000 ft. as the passenger jet came in for alanding at O’Hare International Airport in Chicago; a pilot leaving Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport spotted a drone about 100 yd. of his leftwing, hovering at 6,500 ft.; and others had close calls in Long Beach, Calif.; Burbank, Calif.; Newark, N.J.; McAlester, Okla.;Hollywood, Fla.; and San Antonio.
某飞行员报告称，当他准备在芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场降落时，他在4000英尺(约1219米)的高空发现了一架无人机;一名刚从达拉斯/沃斯堡国际机场起飞的飞行员在距其左翼仅约100码(约91米)处发现一架盘旋的无人机，其飞行高度高达6500英尺(约1981米);加州长滩机场，加州伯班克机场，新泽西纽瓦克机场，俄克拉荷马州的麦卡莱斯特机场，佛罗里达州的好莱坞机场以及圣安东尼奥机场也都发生过十分惊险的无人机事件。
以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研英语外刊阅读精选:无人机成新威胁(上) ”，希望对2020考研者有所帮助!祝2020考研成功!
推荐阅读：
![京网文[2014]2116-316号](https://bj.wendu.com/imgs/jingicp.jpg){kind=link}
