翻译硕士考研者，在暑期阶段需要看双语阅读文章，来提升阅读水平和翻译能力。下面，北京文都考研网为助力翻译硕士学子们在备考上一臂之力，整理了MTI双语阅读精选文章:美国高校招生政策，供考生参考。
2020考研MTI双语阅读精选:美国高校招生政策
“I AM SIMPLY thrilled about all the folks you were able to admit,” David Ellwood, the then dean of Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government, wrote to the then admissions dean, William Fitzsimmons, in a 2013 email entitled “My hero”. “All big wins. [Name redacted] has already committed to a building.”
“对于你们能招收到的学生，我激动不已，”时任哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院院长的大卫·埃尔伍德曾于2013年在给时任招生办主任威廉·费兹蒙斯的一封以“我的英雄” 为主题电子邮件中如此写道：“所有的大人物都得到想要的。 已获准用[姓名删除]命名一幢楼。”
Charges brought against rich and famous people who are accused of illegally buying university places for their children has focused attention on an oddity in American higher education: that while it was illegal for these people to buy places, others can do so quite legally. This issue is normally hidden behind the veil of the “holistic” admissions policy which selective universities run. But a case in the Supreme Court in which Asian-American plaintiffs allege that Harvard’s admissions system is racially biased has thrown a light on preference given to different groups, including “legacies”—the children of alumni. Their parents do not have to fork out for them to be favoured, but since alumni are universities’ principal source of donations after foundations, institutions that practice legacy preference defend it as essential.
一些富人和名流被被指控为孩子非法花钱购买大学名额并获得指控一事引发了人们关注美国高等教育存在的一个怪异之处：这些人购买地方是非法的，可其他人这么做却是合法地。这个问题通常隐藏在一些选择性大学运用的“整体性”招生政策的背后。但是，美国高等法院的一个案例——亚裔美国人原告称哈佛大学的录取制度有种族偏见，揭开了对不同群体的倾向性——包括“遗产”,即校友的子女——的面纱。这些孩子的父母并不需要费劲地让他们得到青睐，不过，校友是各大学在除基金会之外的主要捐赠来源，因此，实行对校友子女优先政策的教育机构认为这个政策是其根本。
A survey by the Harvard Crimson, the student newspaper, found that 29% of the class of 2021 had a close relation who had been at the university; 18% had at least one parent there. Nor is the practice confined to the top institutions. A survey of 499 admissions directors by Inside Higher Ed found that 42% of those at private universities used legacy preference.
哈佛学生报纸《哈佛深红》(Harvard Crimson)的一项调查发现，2021年班级中有29%的人与该大学有密切关系; 18%的学生至少有一位父母是校友。这种做法也不局限于顶级教育机构。Inside Higher Ed对499名招生主管人员进行的一项调查发现，42%的私立大学使用校友子女优先的政策。
Legacy preference is, as Richard Kahlenberg, a senior fellow at the Century Foundation and editor of “Affirmative Action for the Rich”, points out, both entirely un-American and uniquely American. It flies in the face of the ideals on which America was founded—the rejection, as Thomas Jefferson put it, of the “artificial aristocracy” based on birth, which had corrupted Britain, in favour of a “natural aristocracy” based on “virtue and talents”. No other serious university system permits it. Universities in Britain, the only other country represented in the Times Higher Education league of the world’s top ten universities, use test scores supplemented, in some institutions, with an interview.
世纪基金会的高级研究员兼“富人肯定行动”总编辑理查德•卡伦伯格指出，校友子女优先政策即是完然非美国式的，同时也是的美国独有的。它是美国建国理想的体现——按托马斯·杰斐逊所的话来说，是根据以出身论并让英国坠落的“人造阶层”的拒绝，而是亲睐根据“美德和才能”建立的“自然阶层”。没有其他严肃的大学制度允许它的存在。在世界十大大学泰晤士报高等教育联盟中唯一代表其它国家的英国，大学除了用面试，还会辅之以考试分数来做参考。
In the 1920s, Ivy League college administrators feared that relying too much on exams to screen applicants would yield a high number of Jewish students. They set up admissions systems which embedded legacy preference. In the egalitarianism of the post-war era, universities tried to get rid of legacies, but were defeated by passionate opposition from their alumni.
在20世纪20年代，常春藤联盟的管理人员担忧过多依赖考试来筛选申请人的方式，因为这会招到大量的犹太学生。他们建立了以校友子弟优先的招生系统。在战后时期的平均主义影响下，各大学试图废除校友子弟政策，但因遭校友们的激烈反对而失败。
以上是北京文都考研网给出的“2020考研MTI双语阅读精选文章:美国高校招生政策”，希望对翻译硕士考生有所帮助!祝2020考研金榜题名!
推荐阅读：
![京网文[2014]2116-316号](https://bj.wendu.com/imgs/jingicp.jpg){kind=link}
